日光温室秋冬茬番茄东西垄宜机化栽培适宜垄距参数研究  

Research on Suitable Distance Parameters for East-west Ridge Mechanized Tomato Cultivation in Autumn and Winter Crops in Solar Greenhouses

作　　者：陈启峰 李星 富宏丹 余朝阁[1,2] 刘义玲 董文阁[3] 张华仁 孙周平 CHEN Qifeng;LI Xing;FU Hongdan;YU Chaoge;LIU Yiling;DONG Wen’ge;ZHANG Huaren;SUN Zhouping(College of Horticultural,Shenyang Agricultural University,Modern Facility Horticultural Engineering Technology Center,Shenyang 110065,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops and Agricultural Equipment of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shenyang 110065,Liaoning,China;Liaoning Dryland Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute,Chaoyang 122099,Liaoning,China;Vegetable Station of Beipiao City,Chaoyang 122199,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,现代设施园艺工程技术中心,辽宁沈阳110065 [2]农业农村部园艺作物农业装备重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110065 [3]辽宁省旱地农林研究所,辽宁朝阳122099 [4]北票市蔬菜站,辽宁朝阳122199

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第9期104-111,共8页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发课题(2023YFD2300705);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-D01);辽宁省教育厅服务地方项目(LXZX202204)。

摘　　要：为了促进日光温室蔬菜机械化生产,探求适宜日光温室番茄东西垄宜机化栽培的垄距参数,以番茄品种瑞一郎为试验材料,以传统南北垄栽培方式为CK,设置RD1(中心垄距1.6 m)、RD2(中心垄距1.8 m)、RD3(中心垄距2.0 m)东西垄3个处理,研究东西垄不同垄距处理对日光温室番茄植株冠层环境、生长、产量及果实品质的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,东西垄3种垄距处理番茄株高、茎粗、茎叶鲜质量、果实品质等无显著差异;RD2处理单株光截获量、单株产量分别比CK增加11.22%和11.17%,差异均达到显著水平。在RD2条件下,与CK相应位置比较,东西垄南侧行单株光截获量普遍高于北侧行,并高于CK,同时东西垄南侧行平均单株产量提升6.30%~21.46%、北侧行平均单株产量提升4.06%~10.93%。此外,RD2垄间(作业道)宽1 m能够满足宽度为50~75 cm的多功能作业平台车作业需求。综上,中心垄距1.8 m是适宜日光温室番茄东西垄宜机化栽培的垄距参数。A greenhouse study was conducted to promote mechanized vegetable production in solar greenhouses and explore suitable ridge distance for tomato cultivation on the east-west ridges.The study included tomato variety‘Ruiyilang’as a test material with traditional north-south ridge cultivation method as control(CK)and RD1(with middle ridge distance of 1.6 m),RD2(with middle ridge distance of 1.8 m),and RD3(with middle ridge distance of 2.0 m)3 treatments designed to east-west direction ridges to study the effects of different ridge distances on canopy environment,plant growth and yield,and fruit quality of tomato in solar greenhouse conditions.The results showed that there was no significant difference in plant height,stem thickness,stem and leaf fresh weight,and fruit quality among the three ridge spacing treatments of tomato in the east-west ridges when compared with CK;RD2 significantly increased the light interception and average yield per plant by 11.22% and 11.17% compared to CK.Under RD2 conditions,the light interception per plant of the southern row was generally higher than that of the northern row and higher than CK.At the same time,the average yield per plant of the southern row increased by 6.30% to 21.46%,and the average yield per plant of the northern row increased by 4.06% to 10.93%.Furthermore,a work lane width of 1 meter between the RD2 ridges(work lane)is capable of meeting the specifications of a multifunctional work platform truck that has a width of 50-75 cm.Therefore,1.8 meters is an appropriate ridge distance parameter for mechanized tomato cultivation in the east-west ridges of a solar greenhouse.

关 键 词：日光温室 秋冬茬番茄 宜机化栽培 垄距 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学] S641.2