珠海市香洲区儿童监护人对脊髓灰质炎疫苗知晓情况及影响因素调查  

Investigation on the Awareness and Influencing Factors of Polio Vaccine among Children's Guardians in Xiangzhou District of Zhuhai

作　　者：曾晓玲 李少平 王圆 ZENG Xiaoling;LI Shaoping;WANG Yuan(The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University,Guangdong Zhuhai 519000;Tanzhouzhen Community Health Center of Zhongshan,Guangdong Zhongshan 528400)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第五医院,广东珠海519000 [2]中山市坦洲镇社区卫生服务中心,广东中山528400

出　　处：《深圳中西医结合杂志》2024年第13期23-26,共4页Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解珠海市香洲区儿童监护人对脊髓灰质炎疫苗的知晓情况,并调查影响其知晓率的因素。方法:选取2016年3月1日至2019年9月30日于珠海市香洲区出生的无脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种史或者只有1剂次灭活疫苗接种史儿童的监护人,设计统一调查问卷统计其对疫苗的知晓情况以及可能影响知晓情况的因素,通过logistic回归模型进行独立影响因素分析。结果:本研究共收集调查问卷230份,知晓脊髓灰质炎疫苗可预防疾病的儿童监护人有109例(47.39%),知晓脊髓灰质炎疫苗“2+2”接种方案的有127例(55.22%),知晓二价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗减毒活疫苗(bOPV)和脊髓灰质炎疫苗灭活疫苗(IPV)的区别的有58例(25.22%)。家庭月收入0.6万元以下是知晓脊髓灰质炎疫苗可预防疾病的独立危险因素[OR=1.486,95%CI(1.024,2.157)],并且也是知晓脊髓灰质炎疫苗“2+2”接种方案的独立危险因素[OR=1.704,95%CI(1.165,2.494)]。结论:珠海市香洲区儿童监护人对脊髓灰质炎疫苗的知晓率普遍偏低,尤其是月收入低于0.6万元的监护人,监护人对bOPV与IPV区别的知晓率最低。应充分利用新传媒采取多种宣传方式进行脊髓灰质炎疫苗的宣教,特别是bOPV与IPV的宣传,重点放在低收入人群。Objective To understand the awareness of children's guardians in Xiangzhou District of Zhuhai on polio vaccine,and to investigate the factors affecting the awareness rate.Methods The guardians of children who were born in Xiangzhou District of Zhuhai from March 1st,2016 to September 30th,2019 with no polio vaccination history or only one dose of inactivated vaccine vaccination history were selected.A unified questionnaire was designed to calculate the awareness of the vaccine and the factors that may affect the awareness.The independent influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results A total of 230 questionnaires were collected in this study,109 children's guardians(47.39%)knew the preventable diseases of polio vaccine,127(55.22%)knew the"2+2"vaccination scheme of polio vaccine,and 58(25.22%)knew the difference between bivalent oral attenuated polio vaccine(bOPV)and inactivated polio vaccine(IPV).The monthly income of a family below 6000 yuan was an independent risk factor for knowing the preventable diseases of polio vaccine[OR=1.486,95%CI(1.024,2.157)],and it was also an independent risk factor for knowing the"2+2"vaccination program of polio vaccine[OR=1.704,95%CI(1.165,2.494)].Conclusion The awareness rate of children's guardians in Xiangzhou District of Zhuhai on polio vaccine is generally low,especially for guardians whose monthly income is less than 6000 yuan,and guardians'awareness rate of the difference between bOPV and IPV is the lowest.We should make full use of new media to carry out polio vaccine publicity and education in a variety of ways,especially the publicity of bOPV and IPV,focusing on low-income people.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎疫苗 计划免疫 疫苗知晓率 儿童监护人 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]