2021—2022年四川省啮齿动物钩端螺旋体感染情况调查  

Carrying rate of leptospira on rodents from 2021 to 2022 in Sichuan Province

作　　者：袁荣美 廖虹瑜[1] 李文博 黄舒 曾义学[1] 祁腾[1] 曾林子[1] YUAN Rongmei;LIAO Hongyu;LI Wenbo;HUANG Shu;ZENG Yixue;QI Teng;ZENG Lingzi(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第9期1057-1061,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解四川省钩端螺旋体鼠形宿主动物的种群构成及带菌情况,为进一步做好四川省钩端螺旋体的监测和防控提供科学依据。方法2021—2022年在四川省选择6个监测点,采用荧光定量PCR方法检测钩端螺旋体鼠形动物钩端螺旋体带菌率,所得数据采用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行统计分析,带菌率比较之间的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果共捕获鼠形动物885只,四川短尾鼩占比35.82%,黑线姬鼠占比23.84%,褐家鼠占比20.56%、高山姬鼠占比12.77%,其余鼠种占比5.99%。荧光定量PCR共检出阳性129份,带菌率14.58%。高山姬鼠带菌率最高35.40%,其次为黑线姬鼠21.33%、四川短尾鼩10.09%、小林姬鼠8.33%、小家鼠6.45%,褐家鼠带菌率最低4.95%,不同监测点和宿主动物带菌率存在一定差异。2022年带菌率高于2021年带菌率(χ^(2)=5.547,P=0.019),秋季带菌率高于夏季带菌率(χ^(2)=44.665,P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义。结论各监测点存在鼠间钩体病流行,且2021—2022年秋季感染风险高于夏季,高山姬鼠、黑线姬鼠携带率高,犍为县和凉山州钩体感染风险较高,应在下半年加强监测和防控。Objective To understand the population composition and carrier status of Leptospira rodentium in Sichuan Province,and to provide a scientific basis for further surveillance and prevention of Leptospira spp.Methods From 2021 to 2022,six monitoring sites in Sichuan Province were selected to detect the carrier rate of Leptospira murine host animals by fluorescence quantitative PCR.SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to calculate carrier rate,with a significance level of P<0.05.Results Totally,885 rodents were captured.Anourosorex squamipes Milne-Edwards accounted for 35.82%,Apodemus agrarius accounted of 23.84%,and the Rattus norvegicus accounted for 20.56%,Apodemus chevrieri accounted for 12.77%,and the rest rats accounted for5.99%.129 positive samples were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR,with a carrier rate of14.58%.Apodemus chevrieri has the highest rate of 35.40%,followed by Apodemus agrarius(21.33%),Anourosorex squamipes Milne-Edwards(10.09%),Apodemus sylvaticus Linnaeus(8.33%),Mus musculus(6.45%),and Rattus flavipectus has the lowest rate of 4.95%.Significan differences in carrier rates were found among different regions and rodent species.The carrier rate of 2022 is significantly higher than that in 2021(χ^(2)=5.547,P<0.001),and the carrier rate in autumn is significantly higher than that in summer(χ^(2)=44.665,P<0.001).Conclusions There is an epidemic of leptospirosis among rodents at monitoring points,and the risk of carrying in autumn is higher than summer in 2021-2022.Apodemus chevrieri and Apodemus agrarius have higher carrying rates.The risk of leptospirosis infection in Qianwei and Liangshan Prefecture is higher Thus,target monitoring and control should be strengthened in the second half of the year.

关 键 词：钩端螺旋体 鼠类动物 监测 带菌率 

分 类 号：R514[医药卫生—内科学]