西南地区磷块岩型稀土矿成因探讨——以贵州织金矿为例  

Discussion on the genesis of phosphorite type REE deposit in Southwest China:A case study of Zhijin phosphorite type REE deposit in Guizhou Province

作　　者：丁卫平[1] 吉效晋 胡中国 朱志华 孙小童 何汉江[1] DING Weiping;JI Xiaojin;HU Zhongguo;ZHU Zhihua;SUNXiaotong;HE Hanjiang(Geological institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau,Zhuozhou 072754,Hebei,China;Northeast Geological and Mining Co.,LTD of China Chemical Mingda Holding Group,Harbin 150006,Heilongjiang,China;Zhejiang Geological Prospecting Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Quzhou 324000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中化地质矿山总局地质研究院,河北涿州072754 [2]中化明达东北地质矿业有限公司,哈尔滨150006 [3]中国冶金地质总局浙江地质勘查院,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《地质找矿论丛》2024年第3期360-369,共10页Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research

基　　金：中化地质矿山总局地质研究院2021年研究项目(编号:DYKJ202101)资助。

摘　　要：为了探讨贵州织金磷块岩型稀土矿稀土来源,发现晚二叠世玄武岩富稀土,而玄武岩风化到一定程度后,稀土容易在风化形成的黏土中富集;通过因子分析发现,织金磷块岩中稀土元素与黏土矿物显著正相关,但磷块岩中的稀土主要分布于磷灰石中,而不是黏土中;通过织金稀土伴生磷块岩分布位置研究发现,它们分布在熔岩流底端边缘且有深大断层,滇东部磷块岩型稀土矿也有类似情况,这些特点有利于最大面积收集上游来的由水带来的黏土,黏土又随水通过断层进入下部的磷块岩附近,稀土会从黏土进入到磷灰石中。矿区上游富稀土的玄武岩风化,所在位置断层发育,又在熔岩流底端边缘带,这三位一体是在扬子地台西部寻找磷块岩型稀土矿的重要成矿模式。This paper deals with REE source of phosphorite type REE deposit.It is known that Permian basalt is rich in REE and after certain degree weathering of the basalt REE tend to concentrate in clay minerals resulted from the basalt weathering.Factor analysis shows that REE in phosphorite are closely related to clay minerals.However REE of the phopsporite occur in apatite.The author of the paper studied the location of Zhijin REE mine.Phosporite associated with REE in Zhijin mine occurs at margin of bottom of lava flow and at the margin deep faults developed.Such phenomenon also exists in phosphorite type REE deposits in east Yunnan province.Such location is favorable to collect maximum clay minerals in mater from upstream area.The water carries clay along fault to vicinity of the phosporite.The trinity of weathering of upstream basalt rich in REE,occurrence of the phosporite at bottom margin of lava flow and development of deep faults at the margin will be the prospecting metallogenic model of phosphorite type REE deposit in the west Yangtze platform.

关 键 词：织金磷块岩型稀土矿 玄武岩风化 熔岩流底端 断层 成矿模式 西南地区 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学] P619.21[天文地球—地质学]