论人工智能民事主体资格之否定  

The discussion on the denial of civil subject qualification of artificial intelligence

作　　者：陈思敏 蔡唱 Chen Simin;Cai Chang(Law School,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《网络安全与数据治理》2024年第9期71-76,83,共7页CYBER SECURITY AND DATA GOVERNANCE

摘　　要：人工智能的民事主体资格是人工智能发展过程中亟需解决的重要问题。首先,承认人工智能民事主体资格有破坏人类中心地位的倾向,违背民事主体制度所蕴含的人文精神。为人类服务的人工智能不具有独立意志,无法取得与民事主体同等的法律地位,不符合平等理念的要求。其次,人工智能具有可复制性,缺乏个体差异性,无法以自己名义从事民事活动。人工智能受到人类的控制和决定,不具备独立自主性,不享有独立财产,无法独立对外承担民事责任,不满足民事主体的各个构成要件。最后,人工智能仅具有技术层面的理性,区别于人类理性,缺乏民事预设主体的理性基础。The civil subject qualification of artificial intelligence is an important problem to be solved urgently in the development of artificial intelligence.First of all,recognizing the qualification of artificial intelligence as a civil subject undermines the central position of human beings,and violates the humanistic spirit contained in the civil subject system.Artificial intelligence for human beings doesn′t have independent will,can′t achieve the same status as a civil subject,and doesn′t meet the requirements of the concept of equality.Secondly,artificial intelligence is reproducible and lacks individual differences,so it can′t engage in civil activities in its own name.Artificial intelligence is controlled and decided by human beings.It doesn′t have independence and independent property,and can′t bear civil liability independently.In all,Artificial intelligence doesn′t meet the elements of civil subjects.Finally,artificial intelligence only has technical rationality,which is different from human rationality.So it lacks the rational basis of civil presupposition subject.

关 键 词：人工智能 民事主体资格 人文精神 平等理性 独立自主 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]