黑龙江结雅河口段流量对河道水动力特征的影响  

The Influence of Discharge on Watercourse Hydrodynamic Characteristics at Zeya Estuary of Heilongjiang River

作　　者：石瑞花[1] 房巍 张志崇[1] SHI Rui-hua;FANG Wei;ZHANG Zhi-chong(China Water Northeastern Investigation,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130061,China)

机构地区：[1]中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司,吉林长春130061

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第9期56-59,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0407303)。

摘　　要：黑龙江结雅河口段属于弯曲分汊型河段,水流条件复杂,且属于中俄界河,河势变化关乎国界线的稳定。为探明不同流量对河道水动力特征的影响,采用原位观测法对结雅河汇流比、汊道分流比、水动力轴线、深泓线水位、最大垂向平均流速随流量的变化特征开展研究。结果表明,结雅河的汇流比一般不低于0.3,汇流量对黑龙江干流径流量影响很大;分汊河段,河道流量越小,主槽分流比越大,且不低于0.5;流量越大,主流越偏向于凹岸;卡伦山站流量越大,结雅河口以上河道的水位和流速受到的顶托作用越明显。The estuary section of Zeya River in Heilongjiang River is a curved and bifurcated river section with complex flow conditions.In addition,it belongs to the boundary river.The change of river regime is related to the stability of the national boundary.In order to find out the influence of different discharges on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the river channel,the measured datas were used to study the discharge ratio of the Zeya River,the distributary ratio of the bifurcated river,the hydrodynamic axis,the average velocity in the vertical direction,and the water level of the thalweg.The results show that the confluence of the Zeya River has a great influence on the Heilongjiang River runoff and the discharge ratio is generally not less than 0.3.In the bifurcated river section,the smaller the river flow is,the larger the distributary ratio of the main channel is,and it is not less than 0.5.The larger the flow is,the more the mainstream is inclined to the concave bank.The larger the flow rate of Kalunshan hydrological station is,the more obvious the backwater effect on the water level and flow velocity of river channel above the Zeya Estuary is.

关 键 词：黑龙江 结雅河 汇流比 分流比 水动力轴线 垂向平均流速 深泓线水位 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]