三门峡水库原型试验以来渭河下游河床稳定性变化及其影响因素  

Changes of Riverbed Stability and Influencing Factors in the Lower Reaches of the Weihe River Since the Prototype Test of Sanmenxia Reservoir

作　　者：袁峥 梁林江 刘科 YUAN Zheng;LIANG Lin-jiang;LIU Ke(River and Reservoir Work Center of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省江河水库工作中心,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第9期70-74,142,共6页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：陕西省水利科技项目(SHY18-15);三门峡黄河明珠(集团)有限公司内部科技攻关项目(SHY20-10)。

摘　　要：为探究渭河下游河道形态演变特征及影响机理,基于多年水文观测资料分析渭河下游河床稳定性演变规律,探讨三门峡水库原型试验以来(2003~2020年),来水来沙条件、潼关高程变化、河道边界条件与河床稳定性的响应关系。结果表明,原型试验期内,渭河下游河道年均径流量呈缓慢增加趋势,年均含沙量均呈缓慢减小趋势,河段河槽呈扩张趋势,潼关高程呈逐年下降趋势。原型试验期前后,渭河下游河段河床横向、纵向和综合稳定性系数均增加,原型试验期内,河床稳定性呈逐年上升趋势。前期3年平均水流冲刷强度和潼关高程变化是影响渭河下游河床综合稳定性的重要因素,利用多元回归分析方法建立了渭河下游河床综合稳定性的经验计算公式,验证了所提经验公式的准确性和可靠性。研究成果可为渭河下游及类似河流管理提供参考。To explore the morphological evolution characteristics and impact mechanisms of the lower reaches of the Weihe River,based on years of hydrological observation data,the stability evolution law of the riverbed was analyzed.The response relationship between the inflow and sediment conditions,Tongguan elevation changes,river boundary conditions and riverbed stability was explored since the prototype test of the Sanmenxia Reservoir(2003-2020).The results show that during the prototype test period,the average annual runoff and sediment transport of the lower reaches of the Weihe River showed a slow increasing trend,the river channel in the river section showed an expansion trend,and the elevation of Tongguan showed a decreasing trend year by year.Before and after the prototype testing period,the lateral,longitudinal,and comprehensive stability coefficients of the riverbed in the lower reaches of the Weihe River increased.During the prototype testing period,the stability of the riverbed showed an increasing trend year by year.The average flow erosion intensity and Tongguan elevation changes in the previous three years are important factors affecting the comprehensive stability of the downstream riverbed of the Weihe River.An empirical calculation formula for the comprehensive stability of the downstream riverbed of the Weihe River was established using multiple regression analysis method,and the accuracy and reliability of the proposed empirical formula were verified.The research results can provide reference for the management of the lower reaches of the Weihe River and similar rivers.

关 键 词：三门峡水库 渭河下游 河床稳定性 水沙关系 潼关高程 边界条件 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]