连阴雨对玉米雄穗败育特征的影响  

Effects of Continuous Rain on the Abortive Characteristics of Maize Tassels

作　　者：王小星 刘桂海 常俊香 原明月 许培 李建军 张琪 李清峰[2] WANG Xiaoxing;LIU Guihai;CHANG Junxiang;YUAN Mingyue;XU Pei;LI Jianjun;ZHANG Qi;LI Qingfeng(Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hebi 458030,China;Henan Huangfanqu Dishen Seeds Co.,Ltd.,Zhoukou 466632,China)

机构地区：[1]鹤壁市农业科学院,河南鹤壁458030 [2]河南黄泛区地神种业有限公司,河南周口466632

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第5期68-74,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：鹤壁市重大科技专项(鹤财办预[2021]8号)。

摘　　要：研究连续阴雨对玉米雄穗发育的影响,旨在为筛选玉米雄穗耐阴雨种质材料提供理论基础。以73份玉米自交系和14个玉米杂交组合为试验材料,测定连阴雨6 d后的玉米雄穗长度、主轴长度、主轴败育长度、第1侧枝长度、第1侧枝败育长度、主轴败育率、第1侧枝败育率等与雄穗败育相关的特征,并进行遗传变异和主成分聚类分析。结果表明,连续阴雨条件下玉米自交系和杂交组合的雄穗败育特征表现出丰富的变异。自交系和杂交组合雄穗主轴败育率分别为0~100%和18.40%~100%,平均值分别为37.15%和35.16%;第1侧枝的败育率分别为0~100%和8.59%~100%,平均值分别为38.48%和46.31%。按雄穗败育特性自交系和杂交组合均可聚为3类,自交系和杂交组合第Ⅰ类分别有34份和4个材料,其雄穗、主轴和第1侧枝较长,但主轴败育率、第1侧枝败育率较低,为连续阴雨耐受类型;自交系和杂交组合第Ⅱ类分别有24份和9个材料,其雄穗、主轴和第1侧枝较短,但雄穗主轴败育率、第1侧枝败育率较高,为连续阴雨敏感类型;自交系和杂交组合第Ⅲ类分别有15份和1个材料,其雄穗败育程度中等。研究筛选出34份自交系和4个杂交组合为雄穗耐连阴雨材料。This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for screening continuous rain tolerant germplasm materials of maize tassels by studying the effects of continuous rain on the development of maize tassels.In the study,73 maize inbred lines and 14 maize hybrid combinations were used as experimental materials to determine the characteristics related to maize tassel abortion,including tassel length,main axis length,main axis abortion length,first lateral branch length,first lateral branch abortion length,main axis abortion rate,and first lateral branch abortion rate after 6 days of continuous rain.Genetic variation and principal component clustering analysis were conducted.The results showed that under continuous rain,the tassel abortion characteristics of maize inbred lines and hybrid combinations showed rich variation.The main axis abortion rates of inbred lines and hybrid combinations were 0-100%and 18.40%-100%,respectively,with an average of 37.15%and 35.16%.The abortion rates of the first lateral branch were 0-100%and 8.59%-100%,respectively,with an average of 38.48%and 46.31%.According to the characteristics of tassel abortion,both inbred lines and hybrid combinations could be classified into three categories.The first category of inbred lines and hybrid combinations consisted of 34 and 4 materials,respectively.The tassel,main axis,and first lateral branch were longer,but the main axis abortion rate and first lateral branch abortion rate were lower,indicating a continuous rain tolerance type.There were 24 and 9 materials in the second type of inbred lines and hybrid combinations,respectively.The tassel,main axis,and first lateral branch were shorter,but the tassel main axis abortion rate and first lateral branch abortion rate were higher,indicating a continuous rain sensitive type.There were 15 inbred lines and 1 hybrid combination in type III materials,respectively,with a moderate degree of tassel abortion.34 inbred lines and 4 hybrid combinations were selected as the continuous rain tolerant materials for tasse

关 键 词：玉米 雄穗 连阴雨 败育率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]