秸秆、生物质炭不同管理模式下旱作农田温室气体排放日变化研究  

Diurnal Variations of the Greenhouse Gases Emissions under Different Management Modes of Straw and Biochar

作　　者：仁增草 武均[1,2] 蔡立群[1,2] 王正伟 Ren Zengcao;Wu Jun;Cai Liqun;Wang Zhengwei(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Provincial State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《国土与自然资源研究》2024年第6期42-47,共6页Territory & Natural Resources Study

基　　金：甘肃农业大学公招博士科研启动基金(GAU-KYQD-2018-39);甘肃省自然科学基金(20JR10RA543,21JR7RA811)。

摘　　要：利用动态气室法对陇中黄土高原旱作农田CO_(2)和CH_(4)通量进行了连续24 h原位观测,研究了秸秆、生物质炭不同管理模式:传统耕作(CK)、秸秆还田(S)、生物质炭(B)、生物质炭+秸秆还田(BS)、添加四年量的生物质炭(B4)下麦田土壤温室气体的日排放特征,并确定1天中不同管理模式下的最佳观测时间。结果表明,秸秆、生物质炭不同管理模式下的土壤表现为CO_(2)的排放“源”和CH_(4)的吸收“汇”;CO_(2)日均排放通量:S>B>B4>BS>CK,CH_(4)日均排放通量:BS>CK>S>B>B4。相关性分析表明,5 cm地温与S、B和B4处理的CO_(2)日通量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与CK处理的CO_(2)日通量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05),与其余处理正相关;不同处理的CH_(4)日通量与各深度地温均呈负相关关系,CK、BS和B4处理的CH_(4)通量均与5 cm地温呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。通过矫正系数和回归分析可知,CO_(2)和CH_(4)的最佳同步观测时间为早上9:00~12:00之间。The CO_(2) and CH_(4) fluxes of dry farmland in Longzhong Loess Plateau were observed in situ for 24 h by dynamic gas chamber method,and different management modes of straw and biochar were studied.The daily greenhouse gas emission characteristics of soil under traditional tllage(CK),straw recycling(S),application of biochar(B),biochar and straw in combination(BS),biochar added for four years amounts(B4)were determined,and the best observation time in one day under different management modes was determined.The results showed that the CO_(2),CH_(4) fluxes had significant diumal variations under 5 treatments,which is might be a source of CO_(2) but a sink of CH_(4).The daily mean emission fluxes of CO_(2) was S>B>B4>BS>CK,CH_(4) was BS>CK>S>B>B4.Correlation analysis showed that the diurmal variation of CO_(2) flux of the four treatments except BS treatment was positively correlated with 5 cm ground temperature among which S,B and B4 treatments were extremely significantly correlated(P<0.01),CK showed a significant positive correlation(P<0.05).The diurnal variation of CH_(4) flux showed a significant negatively correlation relationship with the ground temperature at all depths,and the CH_(4) fluxes of CK,BS and B4 treatments were significantly negatively correlated with the ground temperature at 5 cm(P<0.01).According to the correction coefficient and regression analysis,the optimal observation period of CO,and CH_(4) was about 9 a.m.to 12 p.m.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 生物炭 旱作农田 温室气体 日变化 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学] X171.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]