两端非理想铰支压杆真实屈曲临界载荷研究  

Research on the real buckling critical load of non ideal hinge supported compression bars at both ends

作　　者：邵泽山 关成启 吴东涛 Shao Zeshan;Guan Chengqi;Wu Dongtao(Beijing Aerospace Technology Institute,Beijing 100074,China;National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Flight Technology,Xiongan 071700,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空天技术研究所,北京100074 [2]空天飞行技术全国重点实验室,雄安071700

出　　处：《空天技术》2024年第4期43-54,75,共13页Aerospace Technology

摘　　要：考虑真实球铰中的非理想因素(球铰的球头与球套间存在间隙、摩擦力),分析了非理想球铰的力学特性,建立了两端非理想铰支压杆的等效力学模型,得到了两端非理想铰支压杆真实屈曲临界载荷的理论公式,给出了相应理论公式的适用性条件,分析并讨论了理论公式。以两种典型的两端非理想铰支空心圆管为算例,进行了理论计算、数值仿真与试验研究。研究表明,真实球铰中的非理想因素会导致两端铰支压杆的真实屈曲临界载荷大于理想情况下的值;球铰中球头与球套的间隙越大,两端非理想铰支压杆的真实屈曲临界载荷越小,且越趋近于理想情况下的值。所建立的理论具有普适性,对两端理想简支、两端非理想铰支、两端理想固支情况的压杆均适用。Considering non ideal factors of the real ball joint(there is gap and friction between the ball head and the ball sleeve),analyzed the mechanical characteristics of non ideal ball joints,established the equivalent mechanical model for non ideal hinge supported compression bars at both ends,obtained the theoretical formula for the true buckling critical load of non ideal hinge supported compression bars at both ends,and provided the applicable conditions for the theoretical formula,additionally analyzed and discussed the theoretical formula.And theoretical calculation,numerical simulation,experimental research are conducted on two typical types of hollow circular pipes with non ideal hinge supported at both ends as an example.The research shows that the non ideal factors of the real ball joint can cause the true buckling critical load of the hinge supported compression bars at both ends to be greater than the ideal value;the lager the gap between the ball head and the ball sleeve,the smaller the true buckling critical load of non ideal hinge supported compression bars at both ends,and the closer it approaches the ideal value.The theory established is universal and applicable to the compression bars with ideal hinge support at both ends,non-ideal hinge support at both ends and ideal fixed support at both ends.

关 键 词：非理想铰支 球铰 压杆 临界载荷 屈曲 

分 类 号：O341[理学—固体力学]