中轴通气聚光飞艇布局设计  

Layout design of a central axis ventilated solar concentrated airship

作　　者：黄宗波[1] 邓光洲 宋记锋[3] 胡站伟[1] Huang Zongbo;Deng Guangzhou;Song Jifeng;Hu Zhanwei(State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621000,China;North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心空气动力学国家重点实验室,绵阳621000 [2]西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,绵阳621000 [3]华北电力大学,北京102206

出　　处：《空天技术》2024年第4期85-95,106,共12页Aerospace Technology

基　　金：空气动力学国家重点实验室研究基金资助(SKLA2019020301)。

摘　　要：常规布局飞艇能源系统存在结构质量占比高以及光伏面板引起的艇身超温、超压等问题,设计并评估了一种中轴通气的聚光飞艇布局。通过结合波浪形线性菲涅尔透镜和复合抛物面聚光器(Compound Parabolic Concentrator,CPC)设计,使得单轴跟踪下的全天聚光效率可达57.3%;同时,借助飞艇通气中轴的引射气流,可有效避免聚光光伏面板的超热问题。基于现阶段光伏发电技术、储能技术的综合分析,提出了以氢燃料电池储能、使用聚光架构的中轴通气聚光发电飞艇布局。整体发电效率方面,中轴通气聚光飞艇折合发电效率19%,高于普通薄膜晶硅电池系统约33%,且聚光光伏飞艇方案在不同负载下全系统尺寸质量、成本均显著低于常规飞艇方案。该飞艇布局方案可为临近空间飞艇的整体设计提供有益参考。To meet the technical challenges including over-weighted battery system and overtemperature/overpressure on the envelope caused by photovoltaic batteries on top in conventional energy layout airships,a concept of solar concentrated photovoltaic airships with axial vent is designed and assessed.A combination of wavy linear Fresnel lenses and composite parabolic concentrator(CPC),shows a solar concentration efficiency as high as 57.3%under single axis tracking of the sun.Meanwhile,the overtemperature challenge could be effectively avoided by the injection flow in the axial vent of airship.Based on the current development of photovoltaic technology and energy storage technology,a solar concentrating photovoltaic airship with axial vent and hydrogen fuel cell as energy storage unit is proposed.In the term of overall power generation efficiency,new concentrated solar photovoltaic airship results an equivalent power generation efficiency of 19%,which is 33%higher than the traditional thinfilm crystalline silicon battery system.The size,weight and price of the concentrated photovoltaic airship system with the same load is significantly lower than the conventional photovoltaic scheme.The general concept of concentrated photovoltaic airships with axial vent could provide a useful reference for the overall design of the near space airships.

关 键 词：飞艇 中轴通气 聚光 菲涅尔透镜 复合抛物面聚光器 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]