海藻酸钠-壳聚糖-碳酸氢钠复合膜优化制备及性能表征  

Film preparation and performance of sodium alginate-chitosan-sodium bicarbonate membrane

作　　者：郭婕 付佳慧 刘爱荣[1,2] 周涛[1,2] 赵由才[1,2] GUO Jie;FU Jiahui;LIU Airong;ZHOU Tao;ZHAO Youcai(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第7期2010-2018,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC1901402)。

摘　　要：填埋场垃圾在挖掘和运输过程中常释放大量恶臭气体,持续时间长、影响范围广,其中硫化氢(H_(2)S)和氨气(NH3)两种气体刺激性较大,产生较为严重的负面影响。开发了适用于垃圾填埋场H_(2)S和NH3阻隔的喷涂薄膜,配方中选择海藻酸钠、壳聚糖作为高分子成膜基材,添加化学除臭剂碳酸氢钠制备薄膜,并添加增塑剂丙三醇、表面活性剂吐温80、防蝇除臭剂肉桂醛、香料添加剂茶树精油、防腐苯甲酸钠剂,对海藻酸钠-壳聚糖-碳酸氢钠复合膜进行性能优化。研究发现,质量分数为2.0%的海藻酸钠与壳聚糖配比为8∶2,碳酸氢钠质量分数1.0%、甘油1.5%、1.0%表面活性剂吐温80、2.0%肉桂醛、0.5%茶树精油香料、苯甲酸钠1.0%,多种成份复配制制备的复合膜对H_(2)S和NH_(3)的气体截留率(质量浓度为70 mg·m^(-3))在30 min均可达95%。水溶液中多糖海藻酸钠带负电荷,壳聚糖带正电荷,两者能够发生交联形成海藻酸钠-壳聚糖聚电解质复合凝胶,添加化学除臭剂、增塑剂、防腐剂等成分对复合膜进行优化,使其满足垃圾中途转运机械性能要求的,维持高效的气体阻隔性能,实现填埋场垃圾中途转运中恶臭气体的高效阻隔,满足存余垃圾资源化工程项目需求。Landfill waste often releases a significant amount of foul-smelling gases during excavation and transportation processes.These gases are characterized by high production,long duration,and wide-ranging impact.Among these foul-smelling gases,hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)and ammonia(NH_(3))are some of the most typical.In this paper,an environmentally friendly spray film formula with barrier functionality was developed.By selecting appropriate ratios and using sodium alginate with a negative charge and chitosan with a positive charge,an alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte was formed through cross-linking.Chemical deodorants,plasticizers,preservatives,and other ingredients were added to optimize the composite membrane,allowing it to maintain its physical transport effects while exhibiting excellent gas barrier properties.The results showed that a mass fraction of 2.0%of sodium alginate and chitosan membrane substrate,with a mixing ratio of 8∶2,and the addition of 1.0%sodium bicarbonate as a chemical deodorant,1.5%glycerol as a plasticizer,1.0%surfactant Tween 80,along with a mass fraction of 2.0%cinnamaldehyde as a fly repellent and insecticide,0.5%tea tree oil as a fragrance,and 1.0%sodium benzoate as a preservative to inhibit the transformation of sodium alginate during transport.The prepared sodium alginate-chitosan-sodium bicarbonate composite membrane could achieve a gas retention rate of over 95%for hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)and ammonia(NH_(3))with a mass concentration of 70 mg·m^(-3)for 30 minutes.This meted the requirements of residual waste resource utilization engineering projects and effectively blocks foul-smelling gases during the mid-transfer of landfill waste.

关 键 词：除臭复合膜 海藻酸钠 壳聚糖 聚电解质 气体截留率 

分 类 号：X512[环境科学与工程—环境工程]