聚丙烯酰胺强化餐厨垃圾水解液固液分离效能及机理分析  

Enhanced solid-Liquid separation of kitchen waste hydrolysate using polyacrylamide:efficiency and mechanism

作　　者：韩武杰 郝紫晶 宗雨曦 吴士民 杨晓胤 艾靖 李伟[1] HAN Wujie;HAO Zijing;ZONG Yuxi;WU Shimin;YANG Xiaoyin;AI Jing;LI Wei(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;College of Environment,China University of Geoscience(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第7期2019-2026,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51308437);陕西省自然科学基础研究基金资助项目(2021JM-365)。

摘　　要：餐厨垃圾水解液具有高COD、高C/N比的特点,可作为外加碳源应用到污水处理厂生化处理单元。然而,其富含的大颗粒有机物不易被微生物利用,可能会导致污水处理厂出水悬浮物和COD浓度增高,阻碍了餐厨垃圾水解液的资源化利用。针对该难题,采用阴-阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)配合使用的方法,用以强化去除餐厨垃圾水解液中的大颗粒有机物。实验结果表明:在pH=5时,依次投加3.2 mg·gTSS^(-1)的阴离子型PAM(APAM)与4.0 mg·gTSS^(-1)的阳离子型PAM(CPAM),餐厨垃圾水解液的归一化毛细吸水时间(CSTn)可从19.12 s·L·gTSS^(-1)降至0.61 s·L·gTSS^(-1),实现了较好的固液分离;在该条件下餐厨垃圾水解液上清液中溶解性COD(SCOD)的去除率达52.81%,而BOD_(5)基本保持不变,BOD_(5)/SCOD由0.12升高至0.26,大幅提升了可生化性。此外通过对水解液二维红外相关光谱图的分析可知,处理系统对蛋白质的高效去除是促进水解液固液分离的主要原因。该研究结果对餐厨垃圾水解液的资源化利用有一定的指导作用。Kitchen waste hydrolysate(KWH),characterized by high COD and high C/N ratio,can be utilized as an additional carbon source in the biological treatment unit of wastewater treatment plants.Nevertheless,the organic matter present in KWH with larger particles may not be readily metabolized by microbes,leading to elevated concentrations of suspended solids and COD in the effluent.This limitation hinders its widespread application.To address this issue,this study proposed the sequential use of anionic-cationic polyacrylamide(PAM)to enhance the removal of large-particle organic matter from KWH.Experimental results indicated that,at pH=5,sequential addition of 3.2 mg·gTSS^(-1)anionic PAM(APAM)and 4.0 mg·gTSS^(-1)cationic PAM(CPAM)reduced the normalized capillary suction time(CSTn)of the hydrolysate from 19.12 s·L·gTSS^(-1)to0.61 s·L·gTSS-1,achieving effective solid-liquid separation.Under this condition,the removal efficiency of the soluble COD(SCOD)in supernatant of KWH reached 52.81%,while the concentration of BOD_(5) remained unchanged.As a result,the ratio of BOD_(5)/SCOD increased from 0.12 to 0.26,significantly improving the biodegradability of KWH.In addition,the efficient removal of proteins in KWH was the main reason for promoting solid-liquid separation of the hydrolysate,as indicated by the analysis of two-dimensional infrared correlation spectra.The results of this study may contribute to promoting the resource utilization of KWH.

关 键 词：聚丙烯酰胺 餐厨垃圾水解液 固液分离 响应面曲线 二维红外相关光谱 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]