器官移植受者非结核分枝杆菌病诊疗进展  

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease in organ transplant recipients

作　　者：巨春蓉[1] 孙启全 薛武军[3] Ju Chunrong;Sun Qiquan;Xue Wujun(The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou 510120,China;Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital of Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510315,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第一医院、广州呼吸健康研究院呼吸疾病国家重点实验室、国家呼吸疾病临床医学研究中心,510120 [2]南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院肾移植科,广州510315 [3]西安交通大学附属第一医院,710061

出　　处：《中华移植杂志（电子版）》2024年第1期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Transplantation(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：呼吸疾病国家重点实验室/广州呼吸健康研究院/国家呼吸中心临床自主探索项目(SKLRHQN20205);广东省钟南山医学基金会(ZNSA-2020013);广东省自然科学基金(2022A1515012216);广州呼吸健康研究院基础研究计划(202201020371);广州市临床特色技术项目(2023C—TS10)。

摘　　要：近年来,非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)感染导致的NTM病呈快速增长趋势,已成为威胁人类健康的重要公共卫生问题之一。实体器官移植(SOT)受者作为免疫功能受损人群,各种病原体感染的机会显著增加,包括NTM感染。NTM病可累及全身多个组织、脏器。对于肺移植受者,尤其是单肺移植受者,往往存在结构性肺病,罹患NTM肺病的风险更高。了解SOT受者NTM病的流行病学特点,熟悉不同NTM的特性,掌握NTM病的诊疗技术,有助于改善患者预后。本文参考美国胸科协会及欧洲呼吸协会发布的最新版《非结核分枝杆菌病治疗指南》以及中国《非结核分枝杆菌病诊断与治疗专家共识》和《器官移植受者非结核分枝杆菌病诊疗规范》,结合SOT受者人群特点,对SOT受者NTM病的发病情况、常见NTM病的临床特点、新型诊断技术及抗感染治疗策略等进行简要阐述,以期为临床提供参考。Non-tuberculous mycobacteria(NTM)infection has become a significant public health concern due to its rapid increase in NTM disease.Solid organ transplant(SOT)recipients,as the immunocompromised hosts,are at significantly increased risk of infection by various pathogens,including NTM infections.NTM infections can cause damage to tissues and organs,resulting in NTM disease.This disease can affect multiple tissues and organs throughout the body.In lung transplant recipients,especially those who have undergone single-lung transplantation,or those who have pre-existing structure damaged lung disease,often are facing increased risk of developing NTM lung disease.Being familiar with the epidemiological characteristics of NTM disease and the characteristics of different kinds of NTM diseases in SOT recipients,and mastering the diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for this disease contributes to improving patient prognosis.This expert commentary refers to the latest version of the Guidelines for the Treatment of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Disease issued by the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society,China′s Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Disease,and the Diagnostic and Treatment Criteria for Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Disease in Organ Transplant Recipients,providing a brief description of the incidence of NTM disease in SOT recipients,the clinical characteristics of common NTM disease,novel diagnostic techniques,and different anti-infective therapeutic strategies,tailored to the characteristics of the population of SOT recipients to provide clinical references.

关 键 词：实体器官移植 非结核分枝杆菌 感染 诊疗 

分 类 号：R617[医药卫生—外科学]