出土墓志视野下的北朝民族文学新观察  

New Observation on the Ethnic Literature of the Northern Dynasties From the Perspective of the Unearthed Epitaphs

作　　者：龙成松 LONG Cheng-song

机构地区：[1]厦门大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2024年第9期35-48,共14页Social Sciences of Beijing

摘　　要：出土墓志为讨论北朝民族文学交往、交流、交融的具体问题提供了新的观察角度。首先,墓志材料显示北朝时期中央文馆、各级王府中民族文学互动、交流频繁,是北朝民族文学发展的一个重要外部驱动力。其次,墓志突出的家族性特征还表明,通过教育、婚姻等元素的凝聚和传递,各民族文学形成了很强的内在生长力,涌现了一些成就突出的非汉人文学家族。此外,墓志中也出现了南北文人流动、南朝文学观念北传的资料,从微观的层面印证了北朝民族文学与南朝的联系。不同要素与力量的流动、融合,促成了北朝民族文学的崛起,在文学积累较深厚的拓跋宗室元氏家族及其他一些非汉人家族中涌现了类型丰富的“家传”墓志,丰富了北朝民族文学的独特价值,也彰显了各民族文学交融的典范意义。The unearthed epitaphs provide a new perspective for discussing specific issues related to the interaction,exchange,and blending of ethnic literature in the Northern Dynasties.Firstly,the epitaphs material shows that during the Northern Dynasty period,there was frequent interaction and exchange of ethnic literature in the Imperial Library and various princescourts,which was an important external driving force for the development of ethnic literature in the Northern Dynasty.Secondly,the prominent family characteristics of the epitaphs also indicate that through the cohesion and transmission of elements such as education and marriage,ethnic literature in various families formed a strong internal growth force,and some outstanding non-Han literary families emerged.In addition,there are also materials showing the flow of scholars between the North and South,as well as the spread of Southern Dynasty literary concepts to the North,which confirms the connection between ethnic literature in the Northern Dynasty and the Southern Dynasty on a micro level.The flow and blending of different elements and forces contributed to the rise of ethnic literature in the Northern Dynasty,resulting in the emergence of a rich variety of“family biographies”in epitaphs in families such as the imperial clan of Tuoba with profound literary accummulation and some non-Han families,which enriched the unique value of ethnic literature in the Northern Dynasty and highlighted the exemplary significance of ethnic literature blending.

关 键 词：北朝民族文学 出土墓志 文学家族 家传 

分 类 号：K852[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]