社会工作在机构养老服务中的三重嵌合  

A Study on the Triple Chimerism of Social Work in Institutionalized Elderly Services

作　　者：王娟[1,2] 张劲松[3] WANG Juan;ZHANG Jin-song

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院 [2]湖北工程学院社会工作系 [3]南京审计大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2024年第9期108-117,共10页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：湖北省高等学校省级教学研究项目(2022413)——互联网背景下社会工作实践教学数字化转型研究。

摘　　要：在公共养老领域采取自上而下政府购买社会工作专业服务的嵌入策略,成了国家回应公共院舍养老需求的一种重要方式。社会工作机构嵌入老年院舍专业化服务后,专业力量可通过自身能动效力“成功”嵌入,再造院舍内部专业化服务供给秩序。但嵌入后仍面临着三重挑战:结构嵌入无法消解购买政策不确定性、认知嵌入不足以建构专业化服务体系、文化嵌入限制了院舍内生动力的生成。案例的进一步实践表明:长期稳定的社会工作老年院舍服务机制的维持需要社会工作机构从单向嵌入转向与公共院舍融合的嵌合式发展,从价值嵌合、行动嵌合和主体嵌合三个维度来找寻双方共融价值、塑造共同实践面向和促成身份双向认同,从而实现一般意义上的服务路径转向。In the field of public elderly care,the embedded service strategy for top-down government purchase of social work professional services has become an important way for the state to respond to the demand of public residential care for the elderly.In the professional services of elderly homes,social work agencies adopted the embedding strategy and found that professional forces can be“successfully”embedded through their own dynamic effectiveness to rebuild the internal professional service supply order of homes,but after embedding,they still face three challenges:structural embedding cannot resolve the uncertainty of purchasing policy,cognitive embedding is insufficient to construct a professional service system,and cultural embedding limits the generation of endogenous dynamics.Further practice of the case shows that:the maintenance of long-term and stable social work service mechanism for elderly homes requires social work agencies to shift from one-way embeddedness to chimeric development in integration with public courtyards.From three dimensions of value integration,action integration,and subject integration,social work agencies can seek mutual integration value,shape common practice orientation and promote two-way identity,so as to realize the service path change in a general sense.

关 键 词：社会工作 社会化养老 机构养老 家庭养老 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]