爆炸加载下蜂窝夹芯板和泡沫夹芯板变形行为实验研究  

Experimental Study on Deformation Behavior of Honeycomb Sandwich Panel and Foam Sandwich Panel under Explosion Loading

作　　者：田立智 宜晨虹[1] 汤铁钢[1] 苏罗川 TIAN Li-zhi;YI Chen-hong;TANG Tie-gang;SU Luo-chuan(Institute of Fluid Physics,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所,绵阳621999

出　　处：《爆破》2024年第3期232-239,260,共9页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11932018、12072332)。

摘　　要：多孔夹芯结构因优异的比强度、比刚度而广泛应用于爆炸冲击防护领域,然而目前与爆炸相关的研究主要集中在小当量爆炸加载下夹芯结构的失效机制,实际大当量加载场景下的吸能特征研究较为少见。为更好指导工程应用,设计了三种夹芯材料(泡沫铝、边长3 mm及边长10 mm的蜂窝铝)在不同夹芯构型(单层夹芯、两层夹芯)及不同面板/夹层板/背板厚度下的十种夹芯结构,并对上述夹芯结构开展了0.5 kg TNT和1 kg TNT当量爆炸加载实验,分析了不同当量下夹芯结构的整体变形特征,探讨了夹芯材料、夹芯构型等因素对吸能防护的影响。实验结果表明:爆炸加载下,泡沫夹芯结构及蜂窝夹芯结构均可通过芯体材料的大幅压缩变形吸收转换能量,但整体而言蜂窝结构的变形均匀化更好;芯体吸能效率的发挥一方面与自身的比压缩强度相关,另一方面也与表层面/背板的强度及刚度相关,在实际应用时需优化匹配芯体的压缩强度与面/背板的强度及刚度,保证芯体材料可获得最大程度的压缩,发挥其吸能优势;实验中发现双层夹芯结构在吸能防护性能上优于等面密度的单层夹芯结构,即在等面密度的情形下,通过对内部芯体的合理结构优化是提升结构整体吸能防护效果的有效途径。该研究可以为实际应用中的防护结构设计提供更多参考数据。Porous sandwich structures are widely used in anti-explosion due to their excellent specific strength and stiffness.However,current explosion research mainly focuses on the failure mechanism of sandwich structures under small equivalent explosion loading.In contrast,the research on energy absorption characteristics of porous sandwich structures under actual large equivalent loading is rarely reported.To better guide the engineering application,ten kinds of sandwich structures with three kinds of sandwich materials(foam aluminum and honeycomb aluminum with 3 mm×10 mm side length)under different sandwich configurations(single-layer and two-layer sandwiches)and different thicknesses of face sheet/middle sheet/rear sheet were designed.The explosion tests with 0.5 kg TNT and 1 kg TNT equivalent explosion loading were respectively carried out on the above sandwich structures,and the overall deformation characteristics of the sandwich structures were analyzed.The effects of sandwich materials,sandwich configurations and other factors on energy absorption were discussed.Results show that both the foam sandwich structure and honeycomb sandwich structure could absorb energy through the large compression deformation of core material under explosion loading,while the deformation uniformity of the honeycomb structures is better.Furthermore,the energy absorption efficiency of the core is both related to its specific compressive strength and strength/stiffness of the face sheet/rear sheet.It is quite necessary to optimize those parameters to ensure that the core material can obtain a maximum compression and give full play to its energy absorption advantage.It is also found that the double-layer sandwich structure is superior to the single-layer sandwich structure on energy absorption and protection performance,which is an effective way to improve the overall energy absorption of the structure.

关 键 词：蜂窝 泡沫 夹芯结构 爆炸 变形 

分 类 号：TD[矿业工程]