高精度小三维地震采集技术在深水天然气水合物勘探中的应用  

Application of high-precision small 3D seismic acquisition technology in deep water gas hydrate exploration

作　　者：周大森 杨册 曾宪军 勾丽敏[3] 姚庆旺 胡童颖 ZHOU Dasen;YANG Ce;ZENG Xianjun;GOU Limin;YAO Qingwang;HU Tongying(Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,China Geological Survey,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511458,China;National Engineering Research Center for Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511458,China;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Tianjin University State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments,Tianjin 300072,Chin)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州511458 [2]天然气水合物勘查开发国家工程研究中心,广东广州511458 [3]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [4]天津大学精密测量技术与仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《地质学报》2024年第9期2678-2685,共8页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“天然气水合物勘查开发技术联合研究”(编号2018YEE0208200);2023年广东省海洋经济发展专项(编号GDNRC[202340])联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：本文针对常规二维地震探测和传统油气三维地震探测均无法满足水合物高分辨率勘探和矿体精细描述的需求的问题,研发了一套高精度小三维地震采集系统,以及与之匹配的小三维地震观测系统和施工技术方法。经过多次海试不断改进优化,最终形成一套满足深水浅层水合物矿体高精度、高分辨率成像需求的天然气水合物小三维地震采集技术,并在生产工区完成满覆盖50 km^(2)的三维地震采集作业。该技术采集数据质量高,具有更高的空间采样率,叠加剖面在横向、纵向分辨率上相对常规三维地震都有显著提升,在300 m以浅地层细节刻画能力更强,成像清晰度优。该技术的研发打破了天然气水合物勘查开发核心技术装备受制于人的被动局面,为我国天然气水合物精细勘查开发提供了技术支撑。Conventional 2D and 3D seismic detection methods for oil and gas exploration do not provide the resolution required for high-precision hydrate exploration and detailed ore body descriptions.To address this limitation,a set of high-precision small 3D seismic acquisition systems,along with a matching small 3D seismic observation system and construction technology method,was developed.Through multiple sea tests and continuous refinement,a set of small 3D seismic acquisition technologies for natural gas hydrates was established.This technology meets the high-precision and high-resolution imaging requirements for shallow hydrate ore bodies in deep water.A successful 50 km^(2)3D seismic acquisition operation was completed in the production area,demonstrating the technology's high data quality and enhanced spatial sampling rate.Compared to conventional 3D seismic data,the superimposed sections exhibit significantly improved horizontal and vertical resolution,enabling a better description of the details of shallow strata at 300 m and providing excellent imaging clarity.The successful development of this technology represents a significant breakthrough,freeing China from dependence on foreign technologies and equipment for natural gas hydrate exploration and development.This advancement provides crucial technical support for highresolution exploration and production of natural gas hydrate resources in China.

关 键 词：天然气水合物 高精度小三维地震勘探系统 清晰成像 天然气水合物精细勘查 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学] P631.4[天文地球—地质学]