近代中国对西沙群岛鸟粪资源的勘查与开发  

Exploration of Guano Resources in the Xisha Islands by Chinese from the Late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China

作　　者：蔡晓荣 Cai Xiaorong(Kenneth Wang School of Law,Soochow University,215006)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2024年第3期5-16,42,共13页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

摘　　要：晚清国人对鸟粪这一新式农业肥料已有初步认知,这为后来勘查与开发西沙群岛鸟粪资源提供了前期知识准备。清末以迄民国,广东地方政府多次组织对西沙群岛鸟粪资源的实地勘查,并就鸟粪资源的分布、储量、化学成分、农业功用等悉加考察与研究。然而,西沙群岛鸟粪资源的开发时辍时行。由于主要采取招商承办模式开发,加之日本资本的渗入与操控,其成效一直不甚理想。近代中国对西沙群岛鸟粪资源的勘查与开发活动,为中国南海经略史留下了浓重的一笔,也是近代中国维护南海海疆主权历史实践的重要组成部分。In the late Qing Dynasty,Chinese had preliminary understanding of Guano,a new kind of agricultural fertilizer,which provided early knowledge preparation for later exploration of Guano resources in the Xisha Islands.From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China,with the discovery of Guano resources in the South China Sea islands,the local government of Guangdong Province had organized a number of field surveys to investigate and study the distribution,reserves,chemical composition and agricultural functions of Guano resources in the Xisha Islands.But the exploitation of Guano resources in the Xisha Islands was interrupted frequently.Therefore,the effect of Guano resources exploitation was not satisfactory due to the investment model and the infiltration and manipulation of foreign capital.The exploration of Guano resources in the Xisha Islands from the late Qing dynasty to the Republic of China has left a heavy mark on the history of the South China Sea.And it is also an important part of China's historical practice of safeguarding the sovereignty of the South China Sea in modern era.

关 键 词：近代中国 西沙群岛 鸟粪资源 南海主权 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]