北部湾表层沉积物中重金属与放射性元素/核素的分布、风险、源解析与环境研究启示  

Distribution,Risk,Source Apportionment,and Implications for Environmental Research of Heavy Metals and Radioactive Elements/Nuclides in the Surface Sediments of the Beibu Gulf

作　　者：许泽钺 刘鳗卿 何贤文 周花珑 黄美琴 管永精 何华 刘志勇[3] 郭凯行 卢颖 何佶蔓 韦湫阳 XU Zeyue;LIU Manqing;HE Xianwen;ZHOU Hualong;HUANG Meiqin;GUAN Yongjing;HE Hua;LIU Zhiyong;GUO Kaixing;LU Ying;HE Jiman;WEI Qiuyang(Radiation Environment Management and Monitoring Station of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning,Guangxi,530222,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi,530004,China;School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD X),State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection,Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu,215123,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区辐射环境监督管理站,广西南宁530222 [2]广西大学物理科学与工程技术学院,广西相对论天体物理重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [3]苏州大学放射医学及交叉学科研究院,放射医学与辐射防护国家重点实验室,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《广西科学》2024年第3期565-580,共16页Guangxi Sciences

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFBA196001)资助。

摘　　要：本研究对北部湾表层沉积物中的重金属(Hg、Cr、Zn、As、Cd、Ni、Cu、Pb)和放射性核素(238 U、232 Th、210 Pb、239+240 Pu)进行全面分析,以评估其环境风险并考察其作为环境指示物的有效性。结果表明,除了局部地区的Cr浓度超出《海洋沉积物质量》(GB 18668-2002)中的第一类指标外,其他重金属浓度均低于第一类指标。放射性核素的环境风险评估显示238 U和232 Th属于第二级(安全级别),而210 Pb和239+240 Pu尚缺乏评估标准。研究发现部分重金属和放射性元素/核素呈现出“T”型分布,指向多样化的污染源和传输机制。结果显示放射性元素/核素在海洋环境监测和管理中具有独特的源相示踪潜力,海洋放射性研究可作为交叉学科为海洋环境保护和污染综合治理研究提供新的启示。This study comprehensively analyzed heavy metals(Hg,Cr,Zn,As,Cd,Ni,Cu and Pb)and radioactive nuclides(238 U,232 Th,210 Pb and 239+240 Pu)in the surface sediments of the Beibu Gulf of China,aiming to assess their environmental risks and investigate their effectiveness as environmental indicators.The results showed that except for the Cr concentration in some areas exceeding the standard of the first category of indicators in the Marine Sediment Quality(GB 18668-2002),the concentrations of other heavy metals were lower than the standards of indicators in the first category.The environmental risk assessment of radioactive nuclides showed that 238 U and 232 Th belonged to the second level(safety level),while 210 Pb and 239+240 Pu still lacked assessment criteria.Some heavy metals and radioactive elements nuclides showed a“T”type distribution,which implied a variety of pollution sources and transmission mechanisms.The results show the unique source phase tracing potential of radioactive elements/nuclides in marine environmental monitoring and management.Moreover,the results reveal that the research on marine radioactivity as an interdisciplinary subject can give new insights into the research on protection and comprehensive pollution control of the marine environment.

关 键 词：北部湾 表层沉积物 重金属 放射性核素 环境风险评估 空间分布 环境研究启示 

分 类 号：X8[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P722.7[天文地球—海洋科学] P734.24P736.212