脱硫石膏对碱化土改良效果及土壤有机碳的影响  

Effects of FGD-gypsum on the Improvement of Alkaline Soil and Soil Organic Carbon

作　　者：夏新月 赵乾丞 孙福新 孙艳鑫 张军 张凤华[1] XIA Xinyue;ZHAO Qiancheng;SUN Fuxin;SUN Yanxin;ZHANG Jun;ZHANG Fenghua(College of Agricultural,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003;Jiangsu Guoxin Xielian Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Yixing,Jiangsu 214200)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]江苏国信协联生物科技有限公司,江苏宜兴214200

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第17期84-92,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发资助项目(2021YFD1900802);自治区重点研发资助项目(2022B02020)。

摘　　要：以新疆碱化土为研究对象,采用土柱试验,设置5个脱硫石膏施用水平0、15、30、45、60 t·hm^(-2)(分别标记为T0、T1、T2、T3、T4),研究了不同脱硫石膏施用量对0~40 cm碱化土壤理化性质及有机碳固持的影响,以期为盐碱地合理施用脱硫石膏,实现盐碱耕地质量提升提供参考依据。结果表明:施加脱硫石膏可有效降低碱化土壤pH(4.3%~23.2%)和交换性钠离子含量(5.7%~92.6%),增加土壤有机碳含量(47.5%~72.1%),且0~20 cm土层改良效果优于20~40 cm。其中在脱硫石膏施用量为T3时,碱化土壤0~20 cm pH与交换性钠含量降低最为显著,分别降低23.2%和92.6%。与T0相比土壤有机碳含量增加了47.5%,矿物结合态有机碳(MAOC)与颗粒态有机碳(POC)含量分别增加了57.0%和13.5%,红外光谱测量结果进一步表明,添加适宜脱硫石膏,能增加碱化土壤多糖类和芳香族化合物含量。相关分析发现pH、电导率(EC)、交换性钠含量是影响土壤有机碳及组分含量的因子。综上可知,脱硫石膏可通过改良碱化土理化性质,促进脂肪族、多糖类化合物的积累,促进土壤有机碳的固持。Taking Xinjiang′s alkaline soil as the research object,soil pillar test was used,5 FGD-gypsum applied levels 0,15,30,45,60,60 t·hm^(-2)(marked as T0,T1,T2,T3,T4)were set,respectively.The application of different FGD-gypsum on 0-40 cm alkali-based soil physical and chemical properties and organic carbon solidaries were studied,in order to provide reference for the improvement of saline-alkali cultivated land quality improvement.The results showed that,the application of FGD-gypsum could effectively reduce the pH(4.3%-23.2%)and the exchangeable sodium ion content(5.7%-92.6%),and increase the soil organic carbon content(47.5%-72.1%),and the improvement effect of 0-20 cm soil layer was better than that of 20-40 cm soil layer.When the amount of FGD-gypsum was T3,the contents of 0-20 cm pH and exchangeable sodium in alkalized soil decrease most significantly,by 23.2%and 92.6%,respectively.Compared with T0,soil organic carbon content increased by 47.5%,MAOC and POC content increased by 57.0%and 13.5%,respectively.The infrared spectrum measurement results further showed that adding suitable FGD-gypsum could increase the content of polysaccharides and aromatic compounds in alkalized soil.Correlation analysis showed that pH,EC value and exchangeable sodium content were the factors affecting soil organic carbon and its component content.In conclusion,FGD-gypsum could improve the physical and chemical properties of alkaline soil,promote the accumulation of aliphatic and polysaccharide compounds,and promote the soil organic carbon retention.

关 键 词：盐碱 脱硫石膏 土柱模拟 官能团 土壤有机碳 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]