清代循吏法律实践中的“中道”理念  

Concept of"Golden Mean"in the Legal Practice of Lenient Offcials in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：闫竑羽 Yan Hongyu

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)政治和法律教研部,法学博士后流动站

出　　处：《法学》2024年第9期35-49,共15页Law Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第17批特别资助(项目号:2024T17850)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：循吏既是清代法律实践的重要群体,也是“中道”理念的主要诠释者。清代循吏在秉承前朝循吏共性的基础上,于民众教化、调诉息争、审冤断狱等法律实践中形成了内涵丰富的“中道”理念,包括“以教止争、以调息讼”的中和之道,“致公致允、审断平明”的中正之道,“援情入法、因势制宜”的时中之道。这些“中道”理念体现了清代循吏对“奉职循理”“恤人体国”等为政之德的自觉践行,反映出中国传统社会对教化与惩戒、人治与法治、国法与人情等重大命题的深刻思考,对于实现中国式法治现代化具有重要的启发意义与借鉴价值。Honorable official was an important group in the legal practice of the Qing Dynasty,and also the main interpreter of the concept of"Golden Mean".Based on the commonality of being honorable officials in the previous dynasty,they demonstrated a rich concept of the"Golden Mean"in legal practices such as educating the people,mediating disputes,and adjudicating unjust cases.This includes the way of neutralization of"stopping disputes through education and resolving disputes through mediation",the way of integrity of"seeking public approval and ruling in peace",and the middle way of'assisting the situation and adapting to the situation".These"Golden Mean"concepts reflect the conscious practice of the Qing Dynasty's honorable officials in carrying out political virtues such as"serving their duties and following principles"""caring for the people and the country".They also reflect the profound thinking of traditional Chinese society on major issues such as education and punishment,rule of man and the rule of law,national law and human feelings.They have important enlightening significance and reference value for realizing a Chinese style modernization of the rule of law.

关 键 词：清代循吏 法律实践 “中道”理念 中国式法治现代化 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] D929[历史地理—中国史] D909.2[政治法律—法学]