新型基础设施建设对农户种植结构的影响分析  

The Impact of New Infrastructure Construction on Farmers'Planting Structure

作　　者：孙诗瑶 石智雷 SUN Shiyao;SHI Zhilei

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院 [2]中南财经政法大学经济学院 [3]中南财经政法大学人口与健康研究中心

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2024年第9期165-184,共20页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“流动人口二代成年后面临的问题研究”(编号:22&ZD196)的支持。

摘　　要：本文将“宽带中国”试点政策实施作为准自然实验,采用中国劳动力动态调查数据构建交叠DID模型,考察新型基础设施建设对农户种植结构的影响。结果表明:新型基础设施建设显著提高试点地区农户经济作物种植占比,提高幅度约3.6个百分点。本文采用工具变量法、异质性稳健统计量、剔除特殊样本和排除其他政策干扰等方法验证了实证结果的稳健性。异质性分析表明新型基础设施建设对种植结构调整的促进作用对于家庭成员受教育程度较低、家中没有老人的农户以及东部地区的农户更为显著。进一步的机制分析发现,新型基础设施建设主要通过降低信息不对称、增强农户社会资本和缓解融资约束三个渠道影响农户种植结构。上述研究结果表明,新型基础设施建设为农户带来与市场对接的契机,应持续推进农村地区新型基础设施建设,加快新型基础设施与农业生产经营的融合,引导农户合理配置家庭生产要素,让信息化红利惠及更多农户。This paper takes the"Broadband China"pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment and constructs staggered difference-in-diferences model based on 2012-2018 China Labor-Force Dynamics Survey(CLDS)data to examine the impact of new infrastructure construction on farmers'planting structure.The results show that the construction of new infrastructure significantly increases the proportion of cash crops planted by farmers in the pilot areas with an average increase of approximately 3.6 percentage points.A series of tests,including the instrumental variable method,heterogeneity-robust estimator,exclusion of special samples,and exclusion of other policy interferences,confirm the robustness of the results.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of new infrastructure construction on cropping structure adjustment is more pronounced for farmers in low education levels,without elderly members,and in Eastern China.Further mechanism analysis reveals that new infrastructure construction mainly affects farmers'planting structure through reducing information asymmetry,increasing farmers'social capital,and alleviating financing constraints.These findings indicate that the construction of new infrastructures has brought farmers the opportunity to interface with modermized markets.Policies should continue to promote the construction of new infrastructure in rural areas,accelerate the integration of new infrastructure and agricultural production and management methods,and guide farmers to rationally allocate household production factors,so as to make the dividends of informatization benefit more farming households.

关 键 词：新型基础设施建设 种植结构 交叠 DID “宽带中国” 

分 类 号：F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]