美国地区战略间张力与作用方式分析——以中东战略对“印太战略”的影响为例  

Tensions Between the U.S.Regional Strategies and Their Modes of Action:Take the Impacts of the Middle East Strategy on the Indo-Pacific Strategy as an Example

作　　者：吴诗尧 WU Shi-yao

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际关系学院,北京100029

出　　处：《东北亚论坛》2024年第5期61-77,128,共18页Northeast Asia Forum

基　　金：对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(20QD20)。

摘　　要：在美国的全球战略体系中,面向各区域的地区战略彼此间存在复杂的相互影响。从美国地区战略间张力的视角切入,可以探究这些地区战略影响彼此的具体作用方式及其根本逻辑。概言之,对于任意两项美国的地区战略,两者间张力的具体状况使得这两项地区战略之间形成策应、增益或牵制等作用方式,从而对两者的运行和功能产生差异化影响。自从美国全球战略焦点开始由中东转向“印太”以来,以“战略收缩”为基本特征的美国中东战略长期能够策应其“印太战略”,助使后者得以按照设计运行并发挥作用。在此期间,美国的中东战略还一度对“印太战略”形成增益,使得后者有望节省战略资源投入,实现额外目标。新一轮巴以冲突爆发后,强调“战略收缩”的美国中东战略濒临失灵,与“印太战略”之间的张力大幅增强,由此对后者形成牵制,使其运行和功能面临更多阻力和不确定性。In the system of the U.S.global strategy,there exists a complex interaction among the regional strategies.On the basis of reviewing the existing studies,this paper attempts to explore the modes of action of these regional strategies'interaction from the perspective of the tensions between the U.S.regional strategies.For any two U.S.regional strategies,the specific tension between them leads to the formation of a coordination,gain or distraction mode of action,resulting in differentiated impacts on the operation and function of the two.As the U.S.global strategy shifts its focus from the Middle East to the Indo-Pacific,the U.S.Middle East strategy characterized by strategic retrenchment can coordinate with the Indo-Pacific strategy for a long time,and help the latter to operate and play a role in accordance with the design.During this period,the Middle East strategy also bolsters the Indo-Pacific strategy,enabling the latter to save strategic resources and achieve additional objectives.After the outbreak of the new round of IsraeliPalestinian conflict,the U.S.Middle East strategy which emphasizes strategic retrenchment is on the verge of failure,and its tension with the Indo-Pacific strategy is increasing,thus imposing constraints on the latter and introducing heightened resistance and uncertainty into the latter's operation and function.

关 键 词：美国地区战略 地区战略间张力 美国全球战略 印太战略 中东战略 中美关系 地缘政治 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]