海底气液多相流混输管道电伴热的热能节省特性研究  

Heat energy-saving characteristics of electric heat tracing in subsea gas-liquid multiphase-flow mixed transportation pipelines

作　　者：王凯[1] 苑世宁 张超 WANG Kai;YUAN Shining;ZHANG Chao(Beijing Key Laboratory of Pipeline Critical Technology and Equipment for Deepwater Oil&Gas Development,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;CNOOC(Tianjin)Pipeline Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300450,China;China Petroleum Engineering&Construction Corp,Beijing 100120,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院深水油气管线关键技术与装备北京市重点实验室,北京102617 [2]中海油(天津)管道工程技术有限公司,天津300450 [3]中国石油工程建设有限公司,北京100120

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2024年第4期221-229,共9页China Offshore Oil and Gas

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目“油水交替输送系统中交变流场与温度场对蜡沉积的双重抑制机理及其调控机制(编号:3222029)”部分研究成果

摘　　要：针对海底气液混输管道面临的结蜡、胶凝、摩阻过大等流动安全保障问题,提出了热能较为节省的电伴热方式。相对于常见的平台加热方式,基于海管系统总的热平衡原理,采用微积分方法推导出了电伴热相对热耗率的数学解析式,澄清了影响电伴热热能节省效果的主要因素,证明了电伴热与平台加热在加热能耗方面的优劣,并探明了总传热系数等关键因素对电伴热热能节省特性的影响规律。结果表明:在确保质量流量、保温措施及出口温度均相同的条件下,电伴热的热耗总是小于平台加热的热耗,具体的热能节省效果仅跟总传热系数、输送距离、管径、质量流速、液相质量分数5个关键因素有关。电伴热相对热耗率与总传热系数和输送距离近似呈线性负相关关系,与管径和质量流速近似呈指数式正相关关系,与液相质量分数近似呈线性正相关关系。采用电伴热方式时,由于不需要额外掺水确保管道的“最小安全输量”,在极低输量条件下的热能节省效果将更加显著。本研究成果可为海底气液多相流混输管道电伴热的热能节省特性认知提供理论依据。In view of the flow assurance faced by the subsea gas-liquid mixed transportation pipelines,such as wax deposition,gelation,and excessive friction,an electric heat tracing method that saved heat energy was proposed.Compared with the common platform heating method,the mathematical analytic formula of relative heat consumption ratio(RHCR)of electric heat tracing was derived by calculus methods based on the principle of total heat balance of the subsea pipeline system.The main factors affecting the heat energy-saving effect of electric heat tracing were clarified,and the difference in heat consumption between electric heat tracing and platform heating was proved.In addition,the influence of key factors such as total heat transfer coefficient on the heat energy-saving characteristics of electric heat tracing was investigated The results show that under the same mass flow,insulation measure,and outlet temperature conditions,the heat consumption of electric heat tracing is always less than that of platform heating.The specific heat energy-saving effect is only related to 5 key factors,such as total heat transfer coefficient,transportation distance,pipeline diameter,mass velocity and liquid phase mass fraction.The RHCR of electric heat tracing has an approximately linear negative correlation with the total heat transfer coefficient and transportation distance,an exponential positive correlation with pipeline diameter and mass velocity,and a linear positive correlation with the mass fraction of the liquid phase.When electric heat tracing is used,the heat energy-saving effect will be more significant under extremely low flow rate conditions,as it does not require additional water to ensure the“minimum safe flow rate”of the pipeline.The results can provide a theoretical basis for understanding the heat energy-saving characteristics of electric heat tracing in subsea gas-liquid multiphase-flow mixed transportation pipelines.

关 键 词：海底管道 含蜡原油 电伴热 多相流 流动保障 加热能耗 

分 类 号：TE83[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]