中国社会支出的发展历程与结构变迁  

Development and Structural Transformations of Social Expenditure in China

作　　者：郭瑜[1] 谢雨凝 GUO Yu;XIE Yu-ning

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院,北京市100872

出　　处：《南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学）》2024年第4期49-65,155,156,共19页Journal of Nanjing University(Philosophy,Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD060);国家自然科学基金项目(72474217)。

摘　　要：共同富裕的时代任务对我国民生保障发展提出全新要求。能否以合理适度的社会支出水平和结构,在实现共享发展的同时,发挥比较优势而不超越财力水平,成为促进新时代社会保障事业高质量发展的重要议题。本文在厘清概念界定、统计口径和测算方法的基础上,聚焦社会支出的历史与现实,深入分析我国社会支出的发展历程与结构变迁,并引入国际比较的视野进行参考。我国民生保障水平呈现长期稳步提升的趋势,且在增长推力、内部结构与实际成效三个方面存在自身规律特征。展望2035年共同富裕取得实质性进展的奋斗目标,需要把握我国与主要发达国家社会保障发展的共性与区别,既尽力而为,又量力而行,推进效率优化与结构改革。The mission of achieving common prosperity presents a completely new set of challenges for social policies.It is crucial to strike a balance between realizing shared development and leveraging our comparative advantages without exceeding financial capabilities through a reasonable and appropriate level and structure of social expenditure.This has become a key issue for promoting the high-quality development of social welfare in the new era.Based on the classic theories of welfare expansion and retrenchment,the present research focuses on clarifying concepts,statistical calibers,and calculation methods.It goes deep into the history and current state of social expenditure,analyzing the developmental trajectory and structural changes in social expenditure in China.By introducing an international comparative perspective,we can assess China's trajectory and unique characteristics.The level of social welfare has shown a consistent upward trend over the long term,with distinct patterns in growth momentum,internal composition,and actual effectiveness.Looking ahead to the goal of making sustantial progress towards common prosperity by 2035,it is imperative to understand fully the similarities and disparities between China and major developed countries in social security development.We can promote optimization of efficiency and reform of structure by striving to do our best while staying within our means.

关 键 词：社会支出 福利政治 福利紧缩 福利增长 

分 类 号：F812.45[经济管理—财政学] D632.1[政治法律—政治学]