检视“时间银行”的本源及其意涵——基于美国“时间银行”的比较案例研究  

Re-examining the Origins and Implications of Timebanking:A Comparative Case Study Based on the Timebanking in the United States of America

作　　者：魏冰玲 邓国胜[2] 吴金兴 Wei Bingling;Deng Guosheng;Wu Jinxing

机构地区：[1]深圳技术大学马克思主义学院(人文社科学院) [2]清华大学公共管理学院 [3]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

出　　处：《社会建设》2024年第5期119-139,共21页Social Construction

基　　金：深圳技术大学马克思主义学院(人文社科学院)科研项目“科技发展与全球治理研究中心”(MY202301)。

摘　　要：本文剖析了“时间银行”作为一项社会实践的构成,其目的在于通过时间交换机制来应对社会需求,进而促进一个基于互助的紧密联结的社会网络结构的形成。通过对“时间银行”的理论基础和概念框架进行细致梳理,并将其与志愿服务的概念进行关联分析,构建了一个综合性的理论模型。通过对美国不同“时间银行”案例的比较研究,揭示“时间银行”在现实操作中所展现出的本质属性和模式的多样性。基于此,进一步探讨了适配中国社会发展需求的“时间银行”模式,包括对服务内容及服务对象进行精准定位、选取运行空间尺度、构建信息技术平台、配置必要资源以及建立管理与维护机制等关键因素。在中国的情境下,“时间银行”的构建与发展应充分考虑当前的实际操作背景,从而探索出一条符合中国国情的“时间银行”发展道路。This research undertakes a nuanced examination of timebanking as a socio-economic paradigm,designed to meet community needs via reciprocal time exchanges,thus promoting the emergence of a cohesive community network predicated on mutual support.It delves into the foundational theories and conceptual schema of timebanking,linking it to volunteerism for the formulation of a comprehensive theoretical model.Employing comparative case study methodology,this study scrutinizes the formation strategies,essential elements,and core exchange mechanisms of timebanking within the United States,revealing the intrinsic attributes and model heterogeneity of timebanking in application.The essence of this discourse is to expose the fundamental features and the variability in timebanking implementations,with a focus on contrasting three divergent American timebanking frameworks.Subsequently,the discourse extends to investigate timebanking configurations conducive to China's distinctive socio-economic landscape,including the accurate specification of services and beneficiaries,the strategic choice of operational scales,the development of digital infrastructures,the deployment of resources,and the formulation of governance and sustenance protocols.The study emphasizes that timebanking,while inherently characteristic as a social innovation,demands contextually adaptive models over a simplistic replication of Western paradigms.In China,the structuring and advancement of timebanking necessitate a thorough consideration of the prevailing operational milieu to forge a development trajectory that resonates with the nation's specific conditions.

关 键 词：社会交换 “时间银行” 共享经济 志愿服务 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学] D771.2[政治法律—中外政治制度]