我国主体型师范教育体系发展的基础与方向  

Development Basis and Trend of Chinese Subject-Based Teacher Education System

作　　者：王亚晶 邵泽斌[2,3] WANG Yajing;SHAO Zebin(Huzhou Normal University,Huzhou 313000;School of Education Science,and dean of the Honors College,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院,湖州313000 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097 [3]南京师范大学强化培养学院,南京210097

出　　处：《教育研究与实验》2024年第5期64-72,共9页Educational Research and Experiment

摘　　要：在中国式现代化进程中,我国坚持中国特色师范教育发展道路,构建主体型师范教育体系。主体型师范教育在目标追求、培养层次以及教育模式方面均取得巨大成就。然而,师范教育转型也凸显了教师来源的结构性问题,具体表现在三个方面:一是教师培养面临学历相对提高与高质量生源相对不足、基础教育优质师资结构性紧缺困境;二是“旧三级”师范转向“新三级”师范以来,高水平师范院校毕业生出现基层下沉难题;三是师范院校师资培养由主体性供给转为分散化建构,教师培养精力和能力相对弱化。未来需要坚持完善主体型师范教育体系:重视师资“双优”遴选体系,立足学历提升与品质提升并重的“双提升”培养体系,形成聚焦基础教育学科与教师教育学科同频共振的“双聚焦”建设路向,积极回应基础教育教师队伍建设的核心诉求,主动服务基础教育改革发展的时代所需。In the process of Chinese modernization,China has adhered to the development path of teacher education with Chinese characteristics,and in the 75 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China,it has built up a subject-based teacher education system.The subject-based teacher education system has made great achievements in pursuing its goals,the level of training,and the educational model.However,during the transformation of the teacher education system,structural concerns about the source of teachers for basic education have gradually come to the fore,which are specifically manifested in three aspects.Firstly,teacher training is faced with the dilemma of a relative increase in academic qualifications and a relative lack of high-quality sources of students,as well as a structural shortage of high-quality teachers for basic education.Secondly,in the transition from the"old three levels"to the"new three levels"of teacher training,graduates from high-level teacher training colleges are facing the problem of sinking to the grassroots level;thirdly,the teacher training of teacher training colleges has changed from a mainstay of supply to a decentralized structure,with a relative weakening of the energy and capacity of teacher training.Facing Chinese educational modernization,it is necessary to insist on perfecting and optimizing the reform of the subject-based teacher education system and construct a new one.The construction of a"double excellence"selection system that emphasizes the cultivation of high-quality teachers based on high-quality student sources,the construction of a"double enhancement"training system based on the equal importance of upgrading academic qualifications and the quality of connotations,and the formation of a"double focus"construction direction that focuses on the discipline of basic education in conjunction with the discipline of teacher education.The"double focus'construction direction actively responds to the core demand of basic education teacher team construction and actively se

关 键 词：主体型师范教育体系 师范教育转型 教师来源 教育现代化 

分 类 号：G659.2[文化科学—教育学]