背景音乐影响小学生阅读理解的眼动研究  

An eye movement study on the influence of background music on primary school students’reading comprehension

作　　者：邵泓宁 郭莎莎 程铭 李文辉 SHAO Hongning;GUO Shasha;CHENG Ming;LI Wenhui(College of Preschool and Primary Education,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034;The College of Health Humanities,Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou 121001)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学学前与初等教育学院,沈阳110034 [2]锦州医科大学医学人文学院,锦州121001

出　　处：《心理研究》2024年第5期470-477,共8页Psychological Research

基　　金：辽宁省基础教育2022年度立项课题(LNJB2022055);中国学前教育研究会“十四五”滚动(第二批)研究课题(G20230141);2023年度教育厅高校基本科研项目(JYTMS20231666)。

摘　　要：本研究采用眼动技术,通过两个实验探究背景音乐对小学生阅读理解的影响。实验一要求被试在有、无背景音乐的条件下完成不同难度的阅读理解,实验二要求被试在悲伤、欢快的背景音乐下完成不同难度的阅读理解。结果发现:困难的阅读材料会增加小学生完成阅读理解时的认知负荷,阻碍对关键句的早期加工;背景音乐能够提高阅读速度,促进对困难任务中关键词的早期加工;欢快的背景音乐能够促进小学生对阅读材料中关键句的早期加工,尤其是有助于提高简单任务中对题目的识别速度,悲伤背景音乐有利于对困难阅读材料关键词的加工。This study used eye movement technology to explore the influence of background music on primary school students’reading comprehension through two experiments.In experiment 1,participants were asked to complete reading comprehension of different difficulties with or without background music.In experiment 2,participants were asked to complete reading comprehension of different difficulties with sad or cheerful background music.The results indicated that difficult reading materials increased the cognitive load of primary school students in reading comprehension and hindered the early processing of key sentences.Background music could improve reading speed and facilitate the early processing of key words in difficult reading.Cheerful background music could promote primary school students’early processing of key sentences in reading materials,especially to improve the recognition speed of simple reading,while sad background music is conducive to the processing of key words in difficult reading materials.

关 键 词：背景音乐 小学生 阅读理解 眼动实验 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] G442[哲学宗教—心理学]