黄芪根浸提液对5种陕北主栽农作物化感作用的研究  

Allelopathic Effects of Root Extract from Astragalus on Five Main Crops in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：张瑞益 田丽[1] 徐庆杰 刘寰 ZHANG Rui-yi;TIAN Li;XU Qingjie;LIU Huan(School of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《榆林学院学报》2024年第5期74-81,共8页Journal of Yulin University

基　　金：陕西省科技厅项目(2023-YBNY-250);榆林市科技计划项目(CXY-2022-63)。

摘　　要：本研究以陕北子洲黄芪根浸提液为供体,小麦、绿豆、玉米、糜子(雁黍11号)和糜子(榆黍3号)五种陕北主栽经济农作物为受体,采用培养皿滤纸法,研究不同浓度的黄芪根浸提液(0.01、0.03、0.05、0.07、0.09 g·mL^(-1))对五种农作物种子萌发(发芽势、发芽率、活力指数、发芽指数)、幼苗生长(根长、茎长、芽长、苗高、鲜重)的影响,以探明黄芪根浸提液对五种陕北主栽农作物的化感作用及作用机制。研究结果显示:黄芪根浸提液对陕北5种主栽农作物种子萌发及幼苗生长均有明显的化感作用,对绿豆、小麦和糜子(雁黍11号)表现为化感促进作用(SE>0),促进强度顺序为绿豆>小麦>糜子(雁黍11号);对玉米和糜子(榆黍3号)表现为化感抑制(SE<0),抑制强度顺序为糜子(榆黍3号)>玉米。因此,选择与黄芪轮作的作物时,优先选择绿豆,其次为小麦和糜子(雁黍11号)。In this study,the root extract of Astragalus membranaceus was used as the donor,and five main economic crops grown in Northern Shaanxi,namely wheat,mung bean,corn,millet(Yanshu No.11),and millet(Yushu No.3),were used as the receptors.The Petri dish filter paper method was adopted to study the effects of different concentrations of Astragalus root extract(0.01,0.03,0.05,0.07,0.09 g·mL^(-1))on seed germination(germination potential,germination rate,vigor index,germination index)and seedling growth(root length,stem length,bud length,seedling height,fresh weight)of the five crops,in order to clarify the allelopathic effects and mechanisms of Astragalus root extract on them.The results showed that the Astragalus root extract had significant allelopathic effects on the seed germination and seedling growth of the five main crops in Northern Shaanxi.It exhibited allelopathic promotion effects(SE>0)on mung bean,wheat,and millet(Yanshu No.11),with the promotion intensity order being mung bean>wheat>millet(Yanshu No.11);and allelopathic inhibition effects(SE<0)on corn and millet(Yushu No.3),with the inhibition intensity order being millet(Yushu No.3)>corn.Therefore,when selecting crops for rotation with Astragalus,mung bean should be given priority,followed by wheat and millet(Yanshu No.11).

关 键 词：黄芪 化感作用 陕北农作物 萌发生长 抑制率 化感指数 

分 类 号：S438[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]