EOP预报误差对深空探测器精密定轨结果影响分析  

Impact Analysis of EOP Prediction Errors on Orbit Determination of Deep-Space Spacecraft

作　　者：王波 鄢建国[1] 高梧桐 叶茂[1] 于亮 马卓希 李斐[1] WANG Bo;YAN Jianguo;GAO Wutong;YE Mao;YU Liang;MA Zhuoxi;LI Fei(State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;261363 Troops,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [2]61363部队,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2024年第9期1538-1545,共8页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF05032020);国家自然科学基金(42241116,42030110)。

摘　　要：地球定向参数(earth orientation parameters,EOP)是地球参考系和天球参考系之间的重要转换参数,由于复杂的数据处理过程,空间大地测量技术获取的EOP存在几天至2周的延迟。为保障深空探测任务的成功实施,在不能使用实时EOP精确观测值的情况下,需研究分析EOP预报误差对深空探测器精密定轨精度的影响。分析了国际地球自转和参考系服务发布的A公报的预报误差,处理了火星快车(Mars express,MEX)的射电跟踪数据和小行星2016HO3探测器的仿真数据,对比分析了EOP预报误差对深空探测器精密定轨精度的影响。结果表明,EOP预报值产生的定轨误差对MEX探测器主要表现在切向和法向上,在深空探测器双程多普勒数据精密定轨中,世界时与协调世界时之间的差异项预报误差为主要误差项;精密定轨误差与EOP预报时长无绝对线性关系,而与差异项预报误差强相关,且在相同预报误差的情况下,该项定轨误差随星地距离变化率的增加而增加。Objectives:Earth orientation parameters(EOP)is an important conversion parameter between the Earth body-fixed system and the celestial reference system.Due to complex data processing,EOP obtained by space geodesy technology has a delay from several days to two weeks.In order to guarantee the successful implementation of deep space exploration missions,it is necessary to study and analyze the influence of EOP prediction errors on orbit determination when real-time EOP accurate observations cannot be used.Methods:We analyze the prediction errors of Bulletin A issued by international earth rotation and reference systems service,and process the radio-tracking data from Mars express(MEX).The impact of EOP prediction errors on orbit determination is compared and analyzed by processing radio tracking data from MEX and the simulation data from asteroid 2016HO3 probe.Results:The orbiting errors of MEX generated by EOP predictions are mainly in the tangential and normal direction.The difference between universal time and coordinated universal time is defined as UT1−UTC,and the prediction errors of UT1−UTC are the main error terms on orbit determination of deep space spacecraft when using Doppler data.Based on the same UT1−UTC prediction error,the errors are on the order of a hundred meters for the asteroid probe and a thousand meters for the Mars orbiter.Conclusions:The errors of orbit determiantion have no absolute linear relationship with the EOP prediction time span,but are strongly correlated with the UT1−UTC prediction error.The error of orbit determination increases with the range rate between probe and ground for the same UT1−UTC prediction error.

关 键 词：地球定向参数 精密定轨 深空探测器 预报误差 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]