添加不同形式屎肠球菌对凡纳对虾生长性能、非特异免疫及抗病力影响的比较研究  

Effects of Enterococcus faecium in Different Forms on the Growth Performance,Non-Specific Immunity and Disease Resistance of Penaeus vannamei

作　　者：田相利[1] 刘云慧 刘怡君 汪仕爽 罗凯[1] 刘杨[1] 秦光彩 范瑞用 Tian Xiangli;Liu Yunhui;Liu Yijun;Wang Shishuang;Luo Kai;Liu Yang;Qin Guangcai;Fan Ruiyong(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Qingdao Ruizi Marine Engineering Research Institute Limited Company,Qingdao 266408,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003 [2]青岛瑞滋海洋工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266408

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第10期179-189,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2023YFD2401705,2020YFD0900200)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究饲料中添加不同形式的屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium)LYB对凡纳对虾(Penaeus vannamei)生长、免疫及抗病力的影响。本研究设置了5种不同添加形式,分别为屎肠球菌发酵液(FJ)、活菌体(HJ)、发酵上清液(FQ)、超声波破碎菌体(CS)和热灭活菌体(RM),以商品饲料作为对照(Con),实验周期为42 d。研究表明,各处理组对虾成活率在84.0%~96.0%之间,Con组成活率最高且与CS组差异不显著(P>0.05)。从对虾生长情况来看,HJ和CS组对虾末体质量和特定生长率显著高于FQ、RM和Con组(P<0.05),与FJ组差异不显著(P>0.05)。各处理组对虾血清中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酚氧化酶(PO)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)活性以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)均显著高于Con组(P<0.05),其中CS组的ACP活性最高,HJ、CS、FJ和RM组的AKP活性显著高于FQ组(P<0.05),CS和FJ组的POD活性显著高于HJ和RM组。HJ、CS、FJ和RM组对虾肝胰腺SOD、LZM、proPO、LGBP和HSP70基因表达水平显著高于FQ和Con组,其中CS组的HSP70、LZM和proPO基因表达水平最高,各处理组对虾肝胰腺中Imd、Toll和Relish基因相对表达量显著高于Con组(P<0.05),HJ和CS组的Imd表达量显著高于FQ和FJ组(P<0.05),CS组的Toll和Relish基因相对表达量最高(P>0.05)。在mTOR信号通路中,FJ、CS和RM组对虾肝胰脏TOR和4E-BP基因表达水平显著高于FQ和Con组(P<0.05),HJ、FJ和RM组对虾肝胰脏elF4E1Α和elF4E2基因表达水平显著高于CS、FQ和Con组(P<0.05)。副溶血弧菌(Vibrio Parahaemolyticus)攻毒结果表明,CS组对虾累计死亡率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。综合各项指标,在凡纳对虾饲料中添加屎肠球菌LYB活菌菌液和超声波破碎菌体可显著提升其生长性能和免疫能力,其中超声波破碎菌体可作为潜在后生元,用于提高凡纳对虾的生长、免疫和抗病力。In this study,we evaluated the growth,immune and disease resistance of Peneus vannamei fed diets supplemented with different forms of Enterococcus faecium including live cells(HJ),sonication-killed cell-free extracts(CS),heat-killed whole-cell(RM),fermentation broth(FJ),fermentation supernatant(FQ)and the control(basal diet without E.faecium,Con)for 42 days.The results showed that the survival rate each diets ranges from 84.0%to 96.0%while that of con is the highest,and there was no significant difference between Con and CS(p>0.05).The minced shrimp body weight and specific growth rate of HJ and CS were significantly higher than those of FQ,RM and Con(p<0.05),but not between these groups and FJ(p>0.05).Compared with Con,the ACP,AKP,SOD,PO,T-AOC activities and LZM content of FJ,HJ and RM were conspicuously higher(p<0.05).The ACP activity was the highest in CS,the AKP activity of HJ,CS,FJ and RM was significantly higher than that of FQ(p<0.05),and the POD activity of CS and FJ was significantly higher than that of HJ and RM.The transcript abundances SOD,LZM,proPO,LGBP and HSP70 of FJ,CS,HJ and RM were conspicuously higher than those of Con and FQ.The transcript abundances of Imd,Toll and Relish of FJ,CS,FQ,HJ and RM were conspicuously higher than those of Con(p<0.05).The transcript abundance of Imd of HJ and CS was significantly higher than that of FQ and FJ(p<0.05).The transcript abundances of Toll and Relish of CS were the highest(p>0.05).Along the mTOR signaling pathway,the transcript abundances of TOR and 4E-BP of FJ,CS and RM were significantly higher than those of FQ and Con(p<0.05),and those of elF4E1αand elF4E2 of HJ,FJ and RM were significantly higher than those of CS,FQ and Con(p<0.05).The challenge test of Vibrio parahaemolyticus revealed that the cumulative mortality of CS was conspicuously lower than that of Con(p<0.05).In conclusion,the live cells and sonication-killed cell-free extracts of E.faecium improved the growth performance and immunity of P.vannamei.Sonication-killed cell-free extracts of E.

关 键 词：屎肠球菌 凡纳对虾 饲料 生长 免疫 抗病力 后生元 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]