疏水性自修复聚氨酯复合弹性体的制备及其电磁屏蔽性能  

Preparation of hydrophobic and self-healing polyurethane elastomers for electromagnetic interference shielding

作　　者：朱家吉 谢欣宇 任市红 赵永朴 方华高 崔接武[2] 张勇[2] 丁运生 ZHU Jiaji;XIE Xinyu;REN Shihong;ZHAO Yongpu;FANG Huagao;CUI Jiewu;ZHANG Yong;DING Yunsheng(School of Chemical and Chemical Engineering,Hefei University of Technologym,Hefei 230009,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学化学与化工学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《弹性体》2024年第4期1-8,共8页China Elastomerics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2130111);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2308085UM06)。

摘　　要：通过在聚二甲基硅氧烷基聚氨酯主链上引入四重氢键和二硫键,制备疏水性自修复聚氨酯弹性体(ISH-PU-X),研究二硫键和四重氢键对聚氨酯弹性体力学性能和自修复性能的影响。结果表明,ISH-PU-2的拉伸强度为4.49 MPa,断裂伸长率为331%,划痕在80℃条件下完全消失,力学性能可恢复至原始样条的98%。利用动态键合分子链的流动性,实现银纳米线(AgNWs)在聚氨酯表层的均匀嵌入,获得疏水自修复聚氨酯电磁屏蔽复合材料(AgNWs/PU-X),进一步探究AgNWs含量对复合材料的电磁性能、疏水性和自修复性能的影响规律。结果表明,AgNWs/PU-X的电磁屏蔽效能可达60 dB左右,水接触角可达122°左右,在80℃下修复后电导率可恢复至原始样条的85%。AgNWs/PU-X复合材料可拓展电磁屏蔽材料的应用领域,满足复杂多变应用环境下可持续性的需求。Hydrophobic and self-healing polyurethane elastomers(ISH-PU-X)were prepared by introducing quadruple hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds onto the polyurethane chains.The effects of disulfide bonds and quadruple hydrogen bonds on the mechanical properties and self-healing performance of polyurethane elastomers were studied.It was found that the tensile strength of ISH-PU-2 was 4.49 MPa,the elongation at break was 331%,the scratch disappeared completely at 80℃,and the mechanical properties could be restored to 98%of the original sample.By utilizing the fluidity of dynamically bonded polymer chains,silver nanowires(AgNWs)were uniformly embedded on the surface of polyurethane to obtain hydrophobic self-healing polyurethane electromagnetic interference shielding composite materials(AgNWs/PU-X).The effects of AgNWs content on the electromagnetic interference shielding properties,hydrophobicity,and self-healing performance of the composites were explored.The results showed that the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of AgNWs/PU-X could reach about 60 dB,the water contact angle could reach about 122°,and the conductivity could be restored to 85%of the original sample after healing at 80℃.The AgNWs/PU-X composite materials can expand the application fields of electromagnetic interference shielding materials and meet the sustainable demand in complex and diverse application environments.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 自修复 疏水 电磁屏蔽 

分 类 号：TQ334.1[化学工程—橡胶工业]