阳离子季铵盐改性沸石对天然橡胶性能的影响  

Impact of cationic quaternary ammonium salt modified zeolite on the characteristics of natural rubber

作　　者：付雨晨 方庆红 FU Yuchen;FANG Qinghong(School of Material Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China;Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber Elastomer,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142 [2]沈阳化工大学辽宁省橡胶弹性体重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《弹性体》2024年第4期21-28,共8页China Elastomerics

摘　　要：采用阳离子型季铵盐二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)对球磨后的天然沸石进行改性处理,将其等量替代部分炭黑后填充至天然橡胶(NR)中,制备天然沸石或改性沸石/NR复合材料,并对其进行结构表征和性能测试。通过离子交换反应,DMDAAC可以吸附在沸石表面,改变了沸石表面的化学性质,降低了沸石的极性,从而改善了沸石在NR中的分散效果,提升胶料的力学性能。结果表明,当替代量为5份时,硫化胶的抗拉强度可达28.6 MPa、撕裂强度为119.3 kN/m;阿克隆磨耗体积最小,为0.28 cm 3;抗屈挠疲劳效果最好,为31.5万次。当替代量为10份时,硫化胶的断裂伸长率可达491%,同时硫化胶还具有较高的抗湿滑性能和较小的滚动阻力。The cationic quaternary ammonium salt dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride(DMDAAC)was utilized for the modification of natural zeolite following ball milling,and the natural zeolite or modified zeolite/NR composite material was prepared by substituting a portion of carbon black with natural rubber(NR).Through an ion exchange reaction,DMDAAC can be adsorbed onto the surface of zeolite,altering its chemical properties and reducing polarity to enhance dispersion within NR,thereby improving binder mechanical properties.Results indicate that vulcanized rubber achieves a tensile strength and tearing strength of 28.6 MPa and 119.3 kN/m respectively at a replacement rate of 5 parts.The wear volume measured by Akron abrasion is minimized at 0.28 cm 3,while resistance to flexural fatigue reaches 315,000 cycles.At a replacement rate of 10 parts,vulcanized rubber exhibits an elongation at break reaching 491%,along with improved skid resistance and reduced rolling resistance.

关 键 词：二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵 改性沸石 离子交换 天然橡胶 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ332[化学工程—橡胶工业]