不同夏花生品种苗期发育规律研究  

Study on the Development Law of Different Summer Peanut Varieties at Seedling Stage

作　　者：张俊[1] 陶群 张朋磊 张曼 张忠信 郝西[1] 刘娟[1] 崔亚男 刘梦雅 臧秀旺[1] ZHANG Jun;TAO Qun;ZHANG Peng-lei;ZHANG Man;ZHANG Zhong xin;HAO Xil;LIU Juan;CUI Ya-nan;LIU Meng-ya;ZANG Xiu-wang(Peanut Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;The Center of Agricultural and Rural Development Service of Jimo District,Qingdao 266200,China;Institute of Crops Molecular Breeding,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院花生研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]青岛市即墨区农业农村发展服务中心,山东青岛266200 [3]河南省作物分子育种研究院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《花生学报》2024年第3期53-59,共7页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(221100110100);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(232102110057);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2023ZC022)。

摘　　要：以高油酸花生品种豫花37号(YH37)和普通油酸花生宛花2号(WH2)为研究材料,采用盆栽试验,调查不同品种苗期形态发育规律、叶片功能、激素含量等的变化,为制定精准科学的管理措施提供理论依据。结果表明,两个品种苗期发育规律不同,豫花37号苗期以地下部生长为主,至出苗后28 d,豫花37号地下部赤霉素、细胞分裂素和生长素含量分别为宛花2号的1.06、1.22和1.09倍;根长、根尖数、地下部干质量、根冠比分别较宛花2号高75.51%、95.03%、10.64%和29.84%。宛花2号苗期以地上部生长为主,至出苗后28 d,主茎高、侧枝长、叶片数、分枝数、地上部干质量分别较豫花37号高12.41%、65.00%、6.12%、7.69%和17.47%。与宛花2号相比,豫花37号叶片光转化能力由低到高逐渐升高,phi2值由97.47%升高到100.93%,且在整个生育期内豫花37号叶片的光保护能力更强,受光损伤的程度更小。基于此,在苗期豫花37号应适当补充中微量元素,以保证其地上地下部协调生长;宛花2号应减少叶面肥和促进茎叶生长的调理剂用量,从而达到壮苗的目的。The high oleic acid peanut variety Yuhua37(YH37)and ordinary oleic acid peanut variety Wanhua2(WH2)were used as the research materials,and the pot experiment was used to investigate the changes of morphological development,leaf function and hormone content of different peanut varieties at seedling stage,so as to provide theoretical basis for formulating accurate and scientific management measures.The results showed that the seedling development rules of the two varieties were different.Yuhua37 mainly grew in the underground part at the seedling stage.On the 28th day after emergence,the contents of gibberellin,cytokinin and auxin in the underground part of Yuhua37 were 1.06,1.22 and 1.09 times of those of Wanhua2,respectively.The root length,root tip number,root dry mass and root cap were 75.51%,95.03%,10.64%and 29.84%higher than those of Wanhua2.At the seedling stage,the growth of Wanhua2 was dominated by aboveground.On the 28th day after emergence,the main stem height,lateral branch length,leaf number,branch number and dry mass of Wanhua2 were 12.41%,65.00%,6.12%,7.69%and 17.47%higher than those of Yuhua37,respectively.Compared with Wanhua2,the light conversion ability of Yuhua37 leaves increased gradually,and the phi2 value increased from 97.47%to 100.93%.Yuhua37 leaves had stronger light protection ability and suffered less light damage during the whole growth period.Based on these results,at the seedling stage,Yuhua37 should be appropriately supplemented with medium and trace elements to ensure the coordinated growth of its aboveground and underground parts,while Wanhua2 should reduce the amount of foliar fertilizer and the amount of conditioner with promotion function on the growth of stems and leaves,so as to achieve the purpose of strong development of the seedlings.

关 键 词：夏花生 苗期 植株性状 叶片功能 内源激素 

分 类 号：S565.201[农业科学—作物学] S311