老年下肢手术患者术后1个月内发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factor for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients undergoing lower extremity surgery within one month after surgery

作　　者：刘靖 陈建伟 张军[1] 刘艳 邵松[3] 赵德胜 Liu Jing;Chen Jianwei;Zhang Jun;Liu Yan;Shao Song;Zhao Desheng(Department of Trauma Orthopedics,Affiliated Hospital of Huaibei Vocational and Technical College,Huaibei 235100,Anhui,China;Department of Joint Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Huaibei Vocational and Technical College,Huaibei 235100,Anhui,China;Department of Orthopedics,Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province,Lu'an 237000,Anhui,China;Department of Thoracic Cardiovascular Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Huaibei Vocational and Technical College,Huaibei 235100,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]淮北职业技术学院附属医院创伤骨科,安徽淮北235100 [2]淮北职业技术学院附属医院关节外科,安徽淮北235100 [3]安徽省六安市人民医院骨科,安徽六安237000 [4]淮北职业技术学院附属医院胸外心脏大血管外科,安徽淮北235100

出　　处：《血管与腔内血管外科杂志》2024年第7期861-865,共5页Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

基　　金：安徽省卫生健康科研项目(AHWJ2022b114)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年下肢手术患者术后1个月内发生下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的危险因素。方法收集2021年1月至2023年12月于淮北职业技术学院附属医院接受下肢手术治疗的201例老年患者的临床资料,根据术后1个月内下肢DVT发生情况将其分为DVT组(n=39)和对照组(n=162),收集所有患者术前一般资料、住院期间主要治疗情况、康复情况以及随访结果,分析老年下肢手术患者术后1个月内发生下肢DVT的危险因素。结果DVT组患者年龄、合并创伤比例均高于对照组患者,DVT组患者接受专业康复训练比例、坚持服用利伐沙班比例均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,高龄(年龄≥80岁)、合并创伤、术后缺乏专业康复锻炼、自行停用利伐沙班均是老年下肢手术患者术后1个月内发生下肢DVT的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05)。结论老年患者下肢手术患者术后1个月内发生下肢DVT的风险较高,高龄(年龄≥80岁)、合并创伤、术后缺乏专业康复锻炼、自行停用利伐沙班均是其危险因素,临床上应密切关注上述指标。Objective To analyze the risk factor for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in elderly patients undergoing lower extremity surgery within one month after surgery.Method Clinical data of 201 elderly patients who received lower extremity surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Huaibei Vocational and Technical College from January 2021 to December 2023 were collected.According to the occurrence of lower extremity DVT within 1 month after surgery,they were divided into DVT group(n=39)and control group(n=162).The preoperative general data,main treatment,rehabilitation and follow-up results of all patients were collected,and the risk factors of DVT in the elderly patients with lower extremity surgery within 1 month after surgery were analyzed.Result The age and the proportion of patients with trauma in DVT group were higher than those in control group,the proportion of patients receiving professional rehabilitation training and adhering to rivaroxaban in DVT group were lower than those in control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The results of multi-factor analysis showed that old age(≥80 years old),combined trauma,lack of professional rehabilitation exercise after surgery,and self-discontinuation of rivaroxaban were independent risk factors for DVT in elderly patients with lower extremity surgery within 1 month after surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients undergoing lower extremity surgery have a higher risk of DVT within 1 month after surgery.Advanced age(≥80 years old),combined trauma,lack of professional rehabilitation exercise after surgery,and self-discontinuation of rivaroxaban are all risk factors.The above indicators should be paid close attention to clinically.

关 键 词：老年 下肢手术 深静脉血栓 危险因素 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]