佛山地区过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者过敏原流行病学特征调查  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Allergens in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Combined Asthma in Foshan Area

作　　者：郑玉云[1] 卢南锦[1] 梁国明[1] ZHENG Yuyun;LU Nanjin;LIANG Guoming(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,The Second People's Hospital of Foshan,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市第二人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科,佛山528000

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2024年第27期123-126,共4页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过调查佛山地区过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者过敏原流行病学特征,为该地区过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者的防治提供依据。方法本研究对象为2022年1月至2024年1月佛山市第二人民医院门诊和住院部就诊人群,随机选取200例诊断结果为过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘的患者组成病例组,另选100名健康被试者(未发生过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘,且也未合并其他过敏性疾病)纳入健康对照组。病例组200例过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者中,合并哮喘患者112例。采用自制的社会学一般资料调查问卷以及临床症状调查量表对入选对象一般资料进行收集、整理;采用变应源试液以及点刺针实施皮肤点刺试验(SPT)对患者过敏原进行调查分析。结果本组入选的200例过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者中,主要临床症状包括鼻部症状、眼部症状、其他症状。鼻部症状前3名分别为打喷嚏、鼻痒、流鼻涕;眼部症状主要症状为眼痒、流泪;其他症状位列前3名分别为乏力、嗜睡、口腔溃疡。本组患者主要变应源包括:尘螨、动物毛发、艾蒿、烟曲霉、牛奶、鸡蛋。采用Pearson相关性分析的方法对过敏性鼻炎与支气管哮喘严重程度之间的关系进行分析,结果显示,二者相关性较强(P<0.05,r=0.752)。病例组PD20-FEV1高于健康对照组,PEF低于健康对照组(均P<0.05)。结论佛山地区过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者过敏原患者主要临床症状包括打喷嚏、鼻痒、流鼻涕、眼痒等症状,主要变应源为尘螨、动物毛发、艾蒿等;过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘患者因受过敏原影响,肺功能水平和生活质量显著降低。对此,临床应采取切实有效的干预措施,以降低过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘疾病患病率,改善患者预后状况。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis combined with asthma in Foshan area,and provide important basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis combined asthma patients in this area.Methods The subjects of this study were patients who visited the outpatient and inpatient departments of the second people's hospital of foshan from January 2022 to January 2024.A total of 200 patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis combined with asthma were randomly selected as the case group,and 100 healthy subjects(who did not develop allergic rhinitis combined with asthma and did not have other allergic diseases)were selected as the healthy control group.Among the 200 patients with allergic rhinitis combined asthma enrolled in case group,there were 112 patients with concurrent asthma.Collect and organize general information of the selected subjects using self-made sociological general information survey questionnaires and clinical symptom survey scales;Conduct skin prick test(SPT)using allergen test solution and needle to investigate and analyze allergens in patients.Results Among the 200 patients with allergic rhinitis selected in this group,the main clinical symptoms include nasal symptoms,eye symptoms,and other symptoms.The top three nasal symptoms are sneezing nasal itching and runny nose;The main symptoms of eye symptoms are itching and tearing;Among other symptoms,the top three are fatigue,drowsiness and oral ulcers.The main allergens of patients in this group include dust mites,animal hair,mugwort,Aspergillus fumigatus,milk,and eggs.The Pearson correlation analysis method was used to investigate the relationship between allergic rhinitis and the severity of bronchial asthma.The results showed a significant correlation between the two(P<0.05,r=0.752).The PD20-FEV1 in the patient group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group,and the PEF was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group(P<0.05).Conclusions

关 键 词：过敏性鼻炎 哮喘 过敏原 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] R562.25[医药卫生—临床医学]