往复压缩机进气阀气量无级调节技术现状及展望  

Current situation and prospect of stepless capacity regulation technology for suction valve in reciprocating compressors

作　　者：王德喜 崔玮琳 洪晓 吴海琦 WANG Dexi;CUI Weilin;HONG Xiao;WU Haiqi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,Liaoning,China;School of Chemical Equipment,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870 [2]沈阳工业大学化工装备学院,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《沈阳工业大学学报》2024年第5期646-653,共8页Journal of Shenyang University of Technology

摘　　要：往复压缩机供气与需求不匹配是导致能耗高的主要原因,进气阀气量无级调节技术是解决该问题的有效手段,其实现方式包括直线网状部分行程顶开式调节系统和旋转杯状全程可控式调节系统。直线网状部分行程顶开式调节系统可以实现对压缩气量的精准连续调节,本质为液压传动控制,但存在通流面积小、阻力损失大、撞击严重、执行系统复杂及故障点多等缺陷。旋转杯状全程可控式调节系统是一种新型气量无级调节技术,其本质为机电一体化,原理是通过伺服电机对杯状阀进行精准调控,具有通流面积大、阻力损失小、开阀无摩擦、关阀摩擦行程小及运动部件无撞击等优点。对2种调节系统的理论、结构、控制系统、能效进行了全面的综述,指出旋转杯状全程可控式调节系统是未来的发展方向,应从旋转杯状全程可控式调节系统的理论研究、结构优化、材料研制及智能系统开发等方面开展深入研究。The mismatch between gas supply and demand of reciprocating compressor is the main cause of high energy consumption.The stepless capacity regulation technology for suction valve is an effective means to solve this problem.Its implementation methods include linear mesh partial-stroke pressing-off regulation system and rotary cup-shaped fully controllable regulation system.The linear mesh partial-stroke pressing-off system can realize the precise and continuous regulation of the compressed capacity.The essence is hydraulic transmission control,which has the defects of small flow area,large resistance loss,serious impact,complex execution system and more fault points.Rotary cup-shaped fully controllable regulation system is a new type of stepless capacity regulation technology.Its essence is mechatronics and its principle is to accurately regulate the cup valve through the servo motor.It has the advantages of large flow area,small resistance loss,no friction when opening the valve,small friction stroke when closing the valve,and no impact of moving parts.In this paper,the theory,structure,control system and energy efficiency of the two regulation systems are comprehensively reviewed.It is proposed that the rotary cup controllable regulation system is the future development direction,and further research should be carried out for the theoretical research,structure optimization,material development and intelligent system development of the rotary cup controllable regulation system.

关 键 词：进气阀气量无级调节 直线网状阀 旋转杯状阀 部分行程顶开式调节 全程可控式调节 能效分析 

分 类 号：TH457[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]