铸钢机车车钩精密铸造工艺及其凝固组织研究  

Process and Solidification Microstructure of Investment Casting Steel Locomotive Couplers

作　　者：龚海军[1] 郭志启 李福军 钟发勇 高正源[1] 孙鹏飞 GONG Haijun;GUO Zhiqi;LI Fujun;ZHONG Fayong;GAO Zhengyuan;SUN Pengfei(School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074;Tianchang Xingyu Transportation Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chuzhou 239300)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]天长市兴宇交通装备科技有限公司,滁州239300

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2024年第9期1291-1296,共6页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

基　　金：华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点试验室开放基金资助项目(P2019-003);重庆市研究生教育教学改革研究重点资助项目(yjg212027);重庆市研究生联合培养基地资助项目(JDAHPYJD2020032);重庆交通大学研究生课程思政示范资助项目(KCSZ2022008)。

摘　　要：为获得致密组织和良好性能、防止产生裂纹,设计了精密铸造车钩的正交试验,确定了最优参数,即浇注温度为1570℃、型壳预热温度为425℃、浇注时间为29 s。通过铸造仿真分析了最优参数下铸件温度场、应力场对于缩孔缩松及裂纹形成的影响,同时通过KGT模型对铸件关键部位进行组织模拟。最后对试制车钩进行X射线探伤,未发现内部存在裂纹及孔隙,各部位金相组织与组织仿真结果基本一致,车钩经热处理后其平均抗拉强度可达1020 MPa。结果表明,正交优化后获得了合理的车钩铸造工艺参数,晶粒较细,性能高于标准要求。In order to prevent cracks from forming in investment casting couplers and obtain dense microstructure and desirable performance,the optimum parameters for simulation orthogonal test of investment casting were determined as follows:pouring temperature of 1570℃,preheating temperature of 425℃and pouring time of 29 s.The influence of casting temperature field and stress field on formation of shrinkage porosity and crack under optimal parameters was analyzed through casting simulation.Meanwhile,key parts of castings were simulated by KGT model.Absence of internal cracks and pores is observed by X-ray detection,and the microstructure of corresponding parts is basically consistent with simulated ones.The average tensile strength of coupler after heat treatment can reach 1020 MPa.The results indicate that the casting parameters are reasonable after orthogonal optimization,and the grain is fine,of which the performance exceeds the railway standard requirements.

关 键 词：机车车钩 精密铸造 应力 组织模拟 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG249.5[机械工程—精密仪器及机械] U260.64[金属学及工艺—铸造]