微纳机器人科学与技术发展现状与趋势  

Current Status and Trends in Micro-nano Robots Science and Technology

作　　者：杨湛 陈沁锴 吴征南 范新建 孙立宁[1] YANG Zhan;CHEN Qinkai;WU Zhengnan;FAN Xinjian;SUN Lining(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215137,China;School of Future Science and Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215222,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学机电工程学院,苏州215137 [2]苏州大学未来科学与工程学院,苏州215222

出　　处：《前瞻科技》2024年第3期32-44,共13页Science and Technology Foresight

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0721400);国家自然科学基金(92249302)。

摘　　要：微纳机器人是特征尺寸和/或功能尺寸在亚毫米以下的机器人,分为微纳操作机器人和微纳游动机器人。随着微纳机器人20余年来的发展,为微纳制造、生物医学等领域提供变革性的研究方法与实现手段,微纳机器人融合了“自上而下”和“自下而上”的加工方法,是微纳米制造及生物体内探测等方向的制高点,已成为各国科学研究的必争之地。同时其也是美国《出口管制改革法案》管制的前沿技术。文章主要总结了微纳机器人近期重要的发展,阐述了中国学界在其中发挥的重要作用,并对其未来的发展方向与规模化应用进行展望。Micro-nano robots are robots with characteristic dimensions and/or functional dimensions below the submillimeter scale,categorized into micro-nano manipulators and micro-nano swimmers.With over two decades of development in micro-nano robots,they have provided transformative research methods and implementation means for fields such as micro-nano manufacturing and biomedicine.Micro-nano robots have integrated“top-down”and“bottom-up”processing methods,representing the pinnacle in the directions of micro-nano manufacturing and in vivo detection and have become a fiercely competitive field in scientific research across various countries.They are also a cutting-edge technology regulated by the U.S.Export Control Reform Act.This article primarily summarizes the recent significant advancements in micro-nano robots,elaborates on the crucial role played by Chinese scholars,and predicts future development directions and large-scale applications.

关 键 词：微纳机器人 微纳操作机器人 微纳游动机器人 靶向治疗 微纳米制造 生物体内探测 

分 类 号：TP242[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]