从教义植入到世俗化书写——论元明清通俗文学中的“酒色财气”  

From Doctrinal Implantation to Secular Writing——On the“Four Percepts”in Popular Literature of Yuan,Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：陈妙丹 黄阳帆 Chen Miaodan;Huang Yangfan

机构地区：[1]汕头大学文学院,广东汕头515063 [2]汕头大学,广东汕头515063

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2024年第4期63-72,共10页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学青年项目“元明清曲总集编纂与曲学兴变研究”(项目编号:22CB164);汕头大学科研启动经费项目“元明清曲选与曲学的兴变”(项目编号:STF20002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：酒、色、财、气“四戒”并举,始于南宋时期,也就是全真道兴起的金代,由创教者王重阳首次拈出,并纳入其思想体系中,其后为包括南宗在内的道派人士广而用之。元代以来,通俗文学出现了并置书写“酒色财气”的普遍现象。在小说、戏曲以及说唱文学中,“酒色财气”或作为题材贯穿始末,或以入话的形式引出话题,或作为正文的有机组成部分串联情节、结构文本。神仙道化类杂剧基于宗教摒弃世俗欲念的决绝立场,对“四戒”的引入,不免带有浓厚的宣教色彩,甚或导致度脱逻辑的不自洽。其他类通俗文学对“酒色财气”则由宗教教义的植入过渡为世俗化的书写,呈现出了较为多样化的接受度。The idea of“four percepts”,which means the withdrawal of alcohol,lust,money and petulance,appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty,when Quanzhen Daoism thrived in northern China area,where was ruled by the Jin Dynasty then.Wang Chongyang,the founder of Quanzhen Daoism,first came out the idea and incorporated it into his thought system.Later,the idea was accepted by other Daosits,including the Southern School of Daoism,and became more widespread.Since the Yuan Dynasty,the idea appeared in popular literature.In novels,dramas or shuochang(说唱;Telling and Singing Art)literature,the idea could run through the whole story as a theme,or play the role of an introduction to lead in topic,or serve as an organic part of the text to connect plots and structural texts.In religious dramas,the implantation of the“four precepts”showed a strong preaching intention,which was inflexible and sometimes leaded to logical discordance.In other popular literature,writings on the four desires presented looser acceptability,as well as a trend of secularization.

关 键 词：元明清 通俗文学 酒色财气 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]