“通课”与汉初官吏的迁调机制——以新出张家山汉简《功令》为中心的考察  

“Tongke”and the Transfer Mechanism of Officials in the Early Han Dynasty——Centered on Zhangjiashan Han Bamboo Slips Gongling

作　　者：吴方基[1] Wu Fangji

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院政法学院,广东梅州514015

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2024年第4期80-90,共11页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“出土文书与秦代地方治理研究”(项目编号:22FZSB014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：张家山汉简《功令》所见“通课”是指对两种以上官吏功劳的共同考课。西汉初,“通课”的条件是,其官吏一般不高于六百石,且处于相同的秩级。因情况不同,“通课”的程序也有差异。在一定程度上,“通课”可以处理不同的“二千石官”所属官吏之间、侯国官吏与“汉吏”之间的共同考课迁调问题。汉初有些官吏的任职所在地距离隶属地较远,其考课迁调也由“通课”途径得到解决。Within“Gongling”in the Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips,“tongke(通课)”denotes the joint assessment of accomplishments involving two or more categories of officials.In the early Han Dynasty,only officials of equal rank,whose annual salary were below 600 dan(石),were eligible for“tongke”.Depending on circumstances,there were different procedures of“tongke”,such as“petitioning submissions”or“presenting achievements”to superior 2000 dan officials,“transferring accomplishments”to other 2000 dan officials,or“presenting achievements”to superior county magistrates.To a certain degree,“tongke”tackled the challenge of the assessments of official transfer among distinct administrative systems,which included central government,local governments and princely states.Furthermore,“tongke”could also help officials whose duty station were far away from his register place.

关 键 词：张家山汉简 《功令》 “通课” 官吏迁调机制 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]