强降雨作用下普朗铜矿地表冰碛物固化坡面侵蚀试验研究  

Experimental Study on Solidification Slope Erosion of Surface Glacial Drift in Pulang Copper Mine Under Heavy Rainfall

作　　者：李争荣 冯兴隆 姜明归 黄恒 王少勇[3] 孙伟[2] LI Zhengrong;FENG Xinglong;JIANG Minggui;HUANG Heng;WANG Shaoyong;SUN Wei(Yunnan Diqing Non-Ferrous Metal Co.,Ltd.,Shangri-La,Yunnan 674400,China;Faculty of land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650093,China;School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]云南迪庆有色金属有限责任公司,云南香格里拉市674400 [2]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [3]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2024年第9期167-175,共9页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42467022);云南省重大科技项目(202202AG050014);云南省基础研究计划项目(202101BE070001-038,202201AT070146)。

摘　　要：自然崩落法开采形成塌陷区,在降雨侵蚀作用下塌陷区边坡极易失稳形成井下泥石流灾害。为评价注浆固化的冰碛物边坡抵抗强降雨侵蚀作用的效果,利用相似理论建立了塌陷坑边坡室内模型,通过人工降雨与注浆试验研究了不同土浆比下冰碛物固化边坡的抗冲刷性能与径流产流、产沙特征,揭示了土壤侵蚀过程与边坡失稳机理。研究结果表明:降雨产流时间随土浆比的增加呈线性递增,产沙强度随降雨历时的增加呈线性递减;土壤侵蚀演变过程可分为冲击入渗、充水软化、剥离切割、迁移交叉、稳流平衡5个阶段;土浆比为5∶1时的冰碛物坡面固沙效果与抗渗透性分别是未注浆冰碛物坡面的28.8倍与11.3倍,浆液固化效果显著。该研究可为自然崩落法开采地表塌陷区泥石流灾害防治提供理论支撑。Natural caving method mining will form a subsidence area,and the slope of the subsidence area is extremely easy to be unstable under the erosion effect of rainfall to form an underground debris flow disaster.To evaluate the effect of grouting solidification on the resistance of glacial drift slopes to heavy rainfall erosion,an indoor model of collapsed pit slopes was established using similarity theory.The anti-erosion performance,runoff and sediment production characteristics of solidification glacial drift slope under different soil-slurry ratios were studied through artificial rainfall and grouting experiments,revealing the soil erosion process and slope instability mechanism.The results show that the initial runoff production time increase linearly with the increase of soil-slurry ratio,while the sediment intensity decrease linearly with the increase of rainfall duration.The evolution of soil erosion can be divided into five stages,including impact infiltration,water-filled softening,stripping and cutting,migration and crossing,and steady flow balance.The sediment consolidation effect and permeability resistance of slope with soil-slurry ratio of 5∶1 are 28.8 times and 11.3 times of that of original glacial drift slope,and the slurry solidification effect was significant.This study can provide a support for the disaster prevention and control of the subsidence areas in the surface collapsed zone of natural caving mining method.

关 键 词：冰碛物坡面 土壤侵蚀 注浆固化 坡面径流 降雨模拟 

分 类 号：TD854.6[矿业工程—金属矿开采]