通向涅槃重生之路:资源枯竭型地区扶助政策的绿色赋能效应  

The Road to Nirvana and Rebirth:Green Empowerment of Supportive Policies in Resource-exhausted Regions

作　　者：陈秀英 刘胜 CHEN Xiuying;LIU Sheng(School of Economics and Trade,Guangdong University of Finance,Guangzhou 510521,China;Institute of Studies for the Greater Bay Area,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东金融学院经济贸易学院,510521 [2]广东外语外贸大学粤港澳大湾区研究院,510006

出　　处：《生态文明研究》2024年第4期98-116,共19页Journal of Eco-civilization Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“粤港澳大湾区数据要素跨境流动路径研究”(批准号:21&ZD123)。

摘　　要：区位导向性扶助政策对资源枯竭型地区究竟是“绿色增长陷阱”还是“涅槃重生推力”呢?基于绿色转型的视角,本文匹配了中国工业企业数据库、工业企业污染数据库等,基于资源枯竭型地区扶助政策构造了准自然实验,运用交错型双重差分法识别了政策实施对企业污染排放强度的影响,并引入了调整对照组、PSM-DID、克服交错型双重差分法的处理效应异质性的潜在偏误的策略等稳健性检验。研究发现:资源枯竭型地区扶助政策对企业环境绩效具有显著的改善作用。机制分析表明,资源枯竭型地区扶助政策有助于企业通过转型升级促进产能提升,还能通过对污染企业的选择效应来实现污染减排效果,以及激励企业加强去污设备的投入来改善环境绩效。异质性分析显示,在依赖矿产资源的地区、位于国界或省界及海岸线的地区、非贫困地区及重工业行业的分样本中,资源枯竭型地区扶助政策的污染减排效果更突出。进一步地,在空间维度上,当距离省会城市渐远时,资源枯竭型地区扶助政策对企业污染减排的影响效应总体上趋于减弱;另外,随着与地级市中心的距离变远,政策实施下的污染排放强度则呈现出“降低—增加—降低”的区域异质分布特点。在目标管理预期上,当地区制定较低的经济增长目标时,更利于强化资源枯竭型地区扶助政策对当地企业污染减排的作用,尤其对在上一年增长目标未完成而适当调低的地区而言,这一减排效应更为明显。在生态文明建设背景下,本文拓展和丰富了援助型区位导向性政策何以激发资源枯竭型地区绿色潜能的理论研究框架,并对促进资源枯竭型地区的绿色转型实践具有政策启示意义。Whether location-oriented aid policies are“growth poverty trap”or“thrust for rebirth”to resource-exhausted regions remains unclear.Based on the view of green transformation,this paper matches the Chinese industrial enterprise database,industrial enterprise pollution database,constructs a quasinatural experiment based on the support policies of resource-exhausted regions,and uses the staggered DID method to identify the impact of RERSP on the pollution emission intensity of enterprises.The reliability of conclusion has been confirmed by adjusting the control group,applying PSM-DID method,and resolving the potential bias of the heterogeneous treatment effects in the staggered DID method.The RERSP can significantly improve environmental performance of enterprises.Mechanism analysis shows that RERSP can help manufacturing enterprises to increase production capacity through upgrading,achieve emission reduction effect by optimizing the selection effect of polluters,and encourage enterprises to strengthen investment in sulfur removal equipment to improve environmental performance.Heterogeneity analysis shows that in the sub-samples of regions with mineral resources,regions located in national borders,coastlines and provincial boundaries,non-poor counties and heavy industry enterprises,RERSP shows better emission reduction effect.Furthermore,from the spatial dimension,the more distant the county is from the provincial capital,the weaker the effect of RERSP on enterprises'emission reduction.In addition,as the distance between counties and prefecture-level city centres becomes longer,the pollution emission intensity under the implementation of the RERSP shows a distribution characteristic of“decrease-increase-decrease”.In terms of target expectations,when the local government sets a lower economic growth target,the role of RERSP is more conducive,especially for areas where the regional growth target has not been completed in the previous year and adjust appropriately lower in the next year,this effect is more p

关 键 词：资源枯竭型地区 企业环境绩效 交错型双重差分法 新质生产力 

分 类 号：F124.5[经济管理—世界经济]