尼帕病毒病的全球致死率与传播因素的meta分析  

Global fatality rate and transmission factors of Nipah virus disease:A meta-analysis

作　　者：李红丽 崔绮迅 闫巍文 刘一飞[1] 梁圆 王志宇[1] 孟冬霞 赵雁萍 LI Hongli;CUI Qixun;YAN Weiwen;LIU Yifei;LIANG Yuan;WANG Zhiyu;MENG Dongxia;ZHAO Yanping(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu,Shanxi 030801,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学动物医学学院,山西太谷030801 [3]吉林大学动物医学学院,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2024年第6期1229-1238,1247,共11页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：山西省吕梁市校地合作重点研发专项资助项目(2022XDHZ11);山西农业大学横向科技资助项目(2023HX051)。

摘　　要：尼帕病毒(Nipah virus,NiV)是一种人兽共患病毒,能引发人类和动物的脑炎及严重呼吸系统症状,且存在传入我国风险。目前尼帕病毒病(NVD)的相关传播因素较多,但各因素的实际作用效果存在争议,本研究借助meta分析手段,旨在确定NVD当前致死率以及主要传播手段,为我国控制该病的输入,制定防控应急预案提供参考。通过检索截至2022年12月31日在Pubmed、Embase、Web of knowledge、中国知网数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库发表的文献,选择纳入含NiV脑炎致死率(CFR)与风险因素的横断面、队列和病例对照研究的文献。结果显示检索并筛选后纳入Meta分析的文献共25篇,分析显示NiV脑炎致死率为64.6%(95%CI:60.8~68.2;I2=96.8%)。亚组分析结果显示,爬树(OR=1.43;95%CI:1.05~1.96),在夜间居住所附近见过蝙蝠(OR=2.38;95%CI:1.74~3.25)及直接接触椰枣树液(OR=6.01;95%CI:4.07~8.89)、香蕉(OR=2.25;95%CI:1.31~3.85)或猪(OR=11.87;95%CI:1.15~122.23)与患者患NiV脑炎显著相关。结果表明,NiV脑炎存在高致死率现象,而爬树、夜间居住所附近见过蝙蝠以及接触猪、香蕉和椰枣树液会增加患NiV脑炎的风险。为防范NiV传播,我国应加强疫情监测,开展教育宣传,采取保护性措施。Nipah virus(NipahVirus,NiV)is a zoonotic virus that can cause encephalitis and severe respiratory symptoms in humans and animals,and is at risk of being introduced into China.At present,there are many factors related to the transmission of Nipah virus disease(NVD),but the actual effects of these factors are controversial.Therefore,with the help of meta-analysis,this paper aims to determine the current mortality and the main means of transmission of NVD,so as to provide reference for the input of controlling Nipah virus disease and making emergency plans for prevention and control in our country.By searching the articles published in Pubmed,Embase,Web of knowledge,CNKI,VIP Chinese Sci-tech Journals Database and Wanfang Database up to December31,2022,the literature of cross-sectional,cohort and case-control studies with NiV encephalitis fatality rate(CFR)and risk factors were selected.Results showed that a total of 25 literatures were included in the meta-analysis after retrieval and screening,and the fatality rate of NiV encephalitis was 64.6%(95%CI,60.8-68.2;I~2=96.8%).Subgroup analysis showed that tree climbing(OR=1.43;95%CI:1.05-1.96),bats were seen near their nighttime residence(OR=2.38;95%CI:1.74-3.25)and direct contact with date palm SAP(OR=6.01;95%CI:4.07-8.89)Bananas(OR=2.25;95%CI:1.31-3.85)OR porcine(OR=11.87;95%CI:1.15-122.23)was significantly associated with NiV encephalitis.The results of this study suggest that NiV encephalitis has a high mortality rate,and tree climbing,nocturnal exposure to bats,and exposure to pig,banana,and date palm SAP increase the risk of NiV encephalitis.In order to prevent NiV transmission,epidemic surveillance,education and publicity should be strengthened and protective measures should be taken.

关 键 词：尼帕病毒 致死率 META分析 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学] R535[农业科学—兽医学]