木耳多糖对犊牛血清抗氧化、免疫指标及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of agaric polysaccharides on antioxidant capacity,serum immune indexes and intestinal flora of calves

作　　者：王琪茹 张雨 姜国均[1] 刘海燕[2] 何欣[1] 师鑫潮 赵兴华[1] WANG Qiru;ZHANG Yu;JIANG Guojun;LIU Haiyan;HE Xin;SHI Xinchao;ZHAO Xinghua(Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine,College of Veterinary Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China;College of Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物医学(中兽医)学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学理学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2024年第6期1290-1298,共9页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2022204215);河北省现代农业产业技术体系“奶牛疫病防控与减抗”资助项目(HBCT2023180201)。

摘　　要：旨在探讨木耳多糖对犊牛抗氧化能力、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响。试验选取(30±3)日龄和(55.33±1.86)kg体质量相近、健康状况良好的荷斯坦犊牛24头,随机分为2组,分别为对照组(C组)和试验组(T组),每组12个重复,每个重复1头。C组饲喂开食料和代乳粉,T组除饲喂开食料之外,再于代乳粉中添加木耳多糖10 g/头,连续添加10 d,检测血清抗氧化、免疫指标和肠道菌群。结果表明:与C组相比,T组犊牛血清SOD和GSH-Px活性显著提高(P<0.05),分别提高了29.09%和15.35%。与C组相比,T组犊牛血清中IgA、IL-2和TNF-α显著升高(P<0.05)。添加木耳多糖显著提高了犊牛粪便微生物中厚壁菌门的相对丰度(P<0.05),降低了变形菌门的相对丰度(P>0.05);提高了乳杆菌属和普拉梭菌属的相对丰度(P<0.05);提高了丁酸球菌的相对丰度(P<0.05);LEfSe分析结果显示,T组中有11种显著富集的标志物种,如厚壁菌门、乳杆菌属等,C组中有9种显著富集的标志物种,如变形菌门等。结果表明,木耳多糖可提高犊牛的血清抗氧化水平,增强机体免疫力,同时可以改善肠道菌群结构。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of agaric polysaccharides on antioxidant capacity,immune function,and intestinal flora of calves.Twenty-four healthy Holstein calves of(30±3)days of age and with the similar body weight at(55.33±1.86)kg were selected and randomly divided into two groups:the control group(group C)and test group(group T)with12 replicates in each group and one calves in each replicate.Group C was fed starter and milk replacer,and group T was fed starter and milk replacer with 10 g of agaric polysaccharides to each calve for 10 d.Serum antioxidant,immune indexes and intestinal flora were tested.The results showed as follows:compared with group C,the enzyme activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum of calves in group T were significantly increased(P<0.05),and were increased by 29.09%and 15.35%,respectively;compared with group C,IgA,IL-2 and TNF-αwere significantly increased in T group(P<0.05).Adding agaric polysaccharides significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes(P<0.05)and decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in feces of calf(P>0.05);the relative abundance of Lactobalillus and Faecalibacterium were increased(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Butyricoccus-pullicaecorum was increased(P<0.05).LEfSe analysis results showed that there were 11 marker species in group T,such as Firmicutes and Lactobacillus,and 9marker species in group C,such as Proteobacteria.The results showed that agaric polysaccharides could improve the antioxidant capacity and immune function of calves,and also could improve the structure of intestinal flora.

关 键 词：木耳多糖 犊牛 抗氧化 免疫功能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学]