罗斯福政府对拉美国家的“睦邻旅游”政策及公共外交含义  

The Policy of"Good Neighbor Tour"and Its Meanings to Latin Americas during the Roosevelt Administration

作　　者：张玉婷 梁茂信[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院 [2]吉林农业大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2024年第8期42-53,共12页History Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“移民、流动性与美利坚文明研究”(项目编号:20JJD770002)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：20世纪30年代,经济大萧条肆虐、国际法西斯势力膨胀,美国面临复兴经济、振奋民心和捍卫国家与地区安全的多重挑战。以“新政”理念当选的富兰克林·罗斯福总统将旅游纳入对拉美国家的“睦邻外交”政策之中。“睦邻旅游”政策看似要团结美洲国家,实则对美国具有更多的含义,包括增加商业出口,振兴美国经济,推动美国旅游业发展,稳固美国的“后院”,防止德日法西斯势力渗透,加强并巩固美国在西半球的主导地位。因此,“睦邻旅游”政策的实施,不仅着眼于经济危机阴霾下的美国经济与社会,而且通过民众的跨国旅游开辟了美国公共外交的新时代。In the 1930s,with ravages of the Great Depression and expansion of the international fascist forces,the United States were exposed to the need of urgent economic revival,revitalizing of the people's sprits and defense of the national and regional security.Elected with the idea of"New Deal"policy,Franklin D.Roosevelt,while making every effort to reshape domestic economic system,included transnational tourism as part of his Good Neighbor policy,which was designed seemingly to gain solidarity with the Latin Americas but intended to reinforce U.S."backyard"by preventing the Japanese and Germans'ideological penetration,so as to strengthen the dominance of the United States in the Western Hemisphere.Consequently,the implementation of"Good Neighbor Tour"policy was not only to save the United States but also marked the beginning of the U.S.public policy.

关 键 词：美国 经济大萧条 “睦邻旅游” 泛美联盟 公共外交 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]