主轴划痕对轴承系统抵御多种载荷冲击的动态性能影响  

Effect of Shaft Scratches on the Dynamic Performance of Bearing Systems Resist to Multiple Load Impacts

作　　者：李兴阳 梁鹏 郭峰[1] 梁庆琛 栗心明 张晓寒 刘晓玲 姜芙林 LI Xingyang;LIANG Peng;GUO Feng;LIANG Qingchen;LI Xinming;ZHANG Xiaohan;LIU Xiaoling;JIANG Fulin(School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Shandong Qingdao 266520,China;Key Laboratory of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control,Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao University of Technology,Shandong Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266520 [2]青岛理工大学工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《摩擦学学报（中英文）》2024年第8期1050-1063,共14页Tribology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021ME198);山东省高等学校“青创科技支持计划”(2021KJ077,2019KJB010);山东省泰山学者人才工程项目(TS20190943);国家自然科学基金项目(51505245)资助。

摘　　要：建立了1个考虑主轴划痕、轴瓦变形和沟槽结构的水润滑橡胶轴承混合润滑瞬态模型,研究了划痕对水润滑橡胶轴承在周期性载荷及非周期性载荷作用下的动态行为影响.结果表明:在偏心载荷下,划痕的存在会使得主轴与轴承出现“高温布朗运动”般的反复碰撞现象,且划痕深度及宽度的增大均会延长启动过程中的微凸体接触时间,严重降低水润滑轴承寿命;在受到脉冲载荷后,划痕会使轴心的运动范围变大,导致轴承与主轴更容易发生碰摩,降低轴承抵抗脉冲载荷冲击的能力;深划痕及宽划痕时,水润滑轴承受到阶跃载荷干扰会从弹流润滑状态进入混合润滑状态.主轴表面出现划痕使轴承系统遭遇外载荷干扰时的自动抵御能力退化.At present,water-lubricated rubber bearings have been widely used in ships,hydroturbines,nuclear pumps and other devices,the water will often have mud and sand impurities and other particles mixed into the water-lubricated rubber bearings and the interior of the shaft,these particles with the rotation of the shaft will continue to produce friction with the shaft,so it will scratch the surface of the shaft,affecting the bearing performance of water-lubricated bearings.In order to investigate the effect of scoring on the dynamic behavior of water-lubricated rubber bearings under unbalanced load,impulse load and step load,a hybrid lubrication model of water-lubricated rubber bearings considering shaft scoring,groove structure and sleeve deformation is constructed by associating the transient average flow Reynolds equation,asperity contact model and transient motion equation of shaft.The calculation results showed:water-lubricated shaft in the eccentric load after acceleration,the axis was not gradually stable in a point,but spiral up,and finally converge to an ellipse,scratch would reduce the eccentric load elliptical axis trajectory of the lowest point,scratch depth and scratch width would further reduce the elliptical axis trajectory of the lowest point,so that the shaft and bearing appear high temperature“Brownian motion”-like repeated collision phenomenon,seriously reducing the life of waterlubricated bearings.The friction of water-lubricated rubber bearings fluctuates with the strong fluctuation of the shaft center,and the fluctuation value increased with the increase of scratch depth and scratch width;scratches did not affect the shape of the axis trajectory after the applied pulse load,but would expand the range of motion of the axis,resulting in more solid contact,impact and wear between the bearing and the shaft,reducing the bearing's ability to resist the impact of the pulse load and the life of the bearing;as the pulse load had limited action time,the axis converged to the original equilibrium positio

关 键 词：水润滑橡胶轴承 主轴划痕 偏心载荷 脉冲载荷 阶跃载荷 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]