超越乡缘的民国徽商新式工业经营——以汪新斋出口蛋业为例  

Beyond Homeplace Ties:A Glimpse of the New Industrial Management of Huizhou Merchants during the Republic of China with a Case Study of Wang Xinzhai’s Export Egg Industry

作　　者：邹怡[1] ZOU Yi(Institute of Chinese Historical Geography,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国历史地理研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《安徽史学》2024年第5期111-119,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：苏州桃花坞木刻年画博物馆所在的朴园,为旅沪徽商汪新斋(1886-1946)于1932年建成的私家园林。汪新斋祖籍婺源,清末民初在上海从事出口业,积累了丰厚的资财。一战期间及战后,欧美市场亟需蛋品。汪新斋抓住机会,在1915年至1923年,通过收购、合伙、独资等方式,在津浦铁路和京杭大运河沿线创办了夏镇同兴祥、济宁同新祥、徐州宏裕昌、清江增新祥、宿州裕华新记5家蛋厂,并在上海设立了4家蛋品出口商行,产品主销欧美市场。汪新斋的出口蛋业在1920年代达致鼎盛,1930年代趋于衰落,最终在抗战时期遭到毁灭性打击。汪新斋虽为徽商,但其产业扩展并未显著利用地缘纽带,而是更多依靠商会的力量。The Puyuan Garden,now the Suzhou Taohuawu Woodcut New Year’s Paintings Museum,was built in 1932 as a private garden by a Huizhou merchant Wang Xinzhai(1886-1946).Wang Xinzai’s ancestral place is Wuyuan in Huizhou.During and after World War I,the European and American markets were in dire need of eggs.He grasped this chance,and carried on export business in Shanghai and accumulated a wealth of capital in the early Republic of China.Through purchase,partnership and sole proprietorship etc.,from 1915 to 1923,Wang Xinzhai founded 5 egg factories,Tongxinxiang(Xiazhen),Tongxinxiang(Jining),Hongyuchang(Xuzhou),Zengxinxiang(Qingjiang),Yuhuaxinji(Suzhou),along the Tianjin-Pukou Railway and the Grand Canal.During the same time,4 egg export houses was set up in Shanghai and exported egg products to Europe and America.Wang Xinzhai’s export egg industry thrived in 1920s,while declined in 1930s,and was destroyed in the Japan-China War.Although Wang Xinzhai was a Huizhou merchant,the expansion of his industry did not make significant use of geographical ties,but relied more on the power of the Chambers of Commerce.

关 键 词：汪新斋 蛋业 徽商 上海 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]