2019—2023年海南省某三甲医院呼吸系统住院疾病特征分析  

Characteristics of respiratory inpatients in a tertiary hospital in Hainan Province from 2019 to 2023

作　　者：叶万玲 卢伟锋 Ye Wanling;Lu Weifeng(Department of Medical Records,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570102,China;Department of Scientific Research,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570102,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院第一附属医院病案科,海南海口570102 [2]海南医学院第一附属医院科研部,海南海口570102

出　　处：《中国医院统计》2024年第4期263-267,272,共6页Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics

基　　金：海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(22A200246)。

摘　　要：目的了解海南省某三甲医院呼吸系统住院疾病构成及变化情况,为疾病的科学防治、医疗资源的动态调配以及学科的发展规划提供参考依据。方法选取2019—2023年海南省某三甲医院呼吸系统疾病住院患者的病案首页信息,按照ICD-10分类标准进行疾病分类,对住院患者性别、年龄、疾病分布及季节分布进行回顾性分析。结果2019—2023年住院患者共25003例,男女比例1.60∶1;住院患者主要以中老年人为主,最少的是儿童和青少年,但两者的构成比逐年增加;冬季住院患者最多,秋季最少;住院疾病顺位变化具有统计学意义(P<0.001),流行性感冒和肺炎始终处于第1位,慢性下呼吸道疾病呈逐年下降趋势,呼吸系统的其他疾病呈逐年上升趋势;住院疾病以流行性感冒和肺炎(48.2%)为主,在婴幼儿(0~3岁)住院疾病中占比最高(81.9%),少年(7~17岁)最低(37.3%)。结论应加强健康宣教,提高疾病认知,视疾病分布情况动态调配医疗资源,同时加强儿科、老年病科和呼吸内科等专科的学科建设及专病管理。Objective To investigate the composition and change of respiratory diseases in a tertiary hospital in Hainan Province,and to provide reference for scientific prevention and control of diseases,dynamic allocation of medical resources and discipline development planning.Methods The home page information of respiratory patients in a tertiary hospital in Hainan Province from 2019 to 2023 was selected,and the diseases were classified according to ICD-10 classification standard,and the gender,age,disease distribution and seasonal distribution of inpatients were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 25003 inpatients were hospitalized from 2019 to 2023,with a male/female ratio of 1.60∶1;the majority of inpatients were middle-aged and the elderly,the least were children and adolescents,but the proportion of both increased year by year;the most patients were hospitalized in winter and the least in autumn;the rank change of inpatient diseases was statistically significant(P<0.001),influenza and pneumonia always ranked first,chronic lower respiratory diseases showed a downward trend year by year,and other diseases of respiratory system showed an upward trend year by year;the inpatient diseases were mainly influenza and pneumonia(48.2%),the proportion of inpatient diseases in infants(0-3 years old)was the highest(81.9%),and the proportion of inpatient diseases in adolescents(7-17 years old)was the lowest(37.3%).Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen health education,improve disease cognition,dynamically allocate medical resources according to the distribution of diseases,and strengthen the discipline construction and special disease management of pediatrics,geriatrics and respiratory medicine.

关 键 词：住院患者 呼吸系统疾病 疾病分布 患病率 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R56[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]